Jennifer Prior - Zoom! How Cars Move

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Jennifer Prior

Zoom! How Cars Move Prior

Zoom! Zoom!

How How

Cars Cars

Move Move

Image Credits

Cover Dudarev Mikhail/Shutterstock; ben smith/Shutterstock; p.3 Alex Mit/Shutterstock;

p.4 Jordan Tan/Shutterstock; p.5 top: joyfull/shutterstock; p.5 inset: mevans/iStockphoto;

p.5 caption: kanate/Shutterstock; p.6 top: michaeljung/Shutterstock; p.6 bottom: jan

kranendonk/Shutterstock; p.7 top: kirin_photo/iStockphoto; p.7 bottom: Elegeyda/

Dreamstime; p.8 akg-images/Newscom; p.9 AFP/Getty Images; p.10 James Steidl/Shutterstock;

p.11 top: LOC-LC-USZ62-111278; p.12 AP Photo/Library of Congress; p.13 top: Photolibrary;

p.13 bottom: Kenneth William Caleno/Shutterstock; p.14 ArchMan/Shutterstock; p.15 top:

Lutsan Pavlo/Shutterstock; p.15 bottom: Jason Swarr/Shutterstock; p.16-17 Andrea Danti/

Shuttertstock; ; p.18 elwynn/Shutterstock; p.19 top: Jess Yu/Shutterstock; p.19 bottom: dpa/

picture-alliance; p.20 gameanna/Shutterstock; p.20 inset: Alex Mit/Shutterstock; p.21 top:

chungking/Shutterstock; p.21 bottom Igumnova Irina/Shutterstock; p.22 right: Calyx22/

Dreamstime; p.24 Tyler Olson/Shutterstock; p.25 top: o44/ZUMA Press; p.25 bottom: Paul J.

Richards/AFP/Getty Images/Newscom; p.26 top: Photoshot/Newscom; p.26 bottom: Solent

News/Splash News; p.28 James Steidl/Shutterstock; background: alekup/Shutterstock;

3DDock/Shutterstock; back cover: mevans/iStockphoto

Based on writing from TIME For Kids.

TIME For Kids and the TIME For Kids logo

are registered trademarks of TIME Inc.

Used under license.

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4333-3657-7

2012 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Consultants

Timothy Rasinski, Ph.D

Kent State University

Alan J. Cross

Automotive Engineer

Publishing Credits

Dona Herweck Rice, Editor-in-Chief

Robin Erickson, Production Director

Lee Aucoin, Creative Director

Conni Medina, M.A.Ed., Editorial Director

Jamey Acosta, Editor

Heidi Kellenberger, Editor

Lexa Hoang, Designer

Stephanie Reid, Photo Editor

Rachelle Cracchiolo, M.S.Ed., Publisher

Synched Read-Along Version by:

Triangle Interactive LLC

PO Box 573

Prior Lake, MN 55372

ISBN-13: 978-1-68444-835-7 (e-book)

Table of Contents

Cars, Cars, Everywhere ....................

Automobile History .......................

How Car Engines Work ..................

Pollution ...............................

Automobile Safety .......................

Today and Tomorrow ....................

Glossary ................................ 27

Index .................................. 28

Cars, Cars, Everywhere

Fast cars, race cars, cars that are slow,

Big cars, small cars, cars on the go,

Loud cars, quiet cars, cars that jerk and sputter,

When it comes to getting there, cars are like no other!

Automobile is another

word for car .

Imagine life without cars. How long would it take

to walk to the grocery store? How would you get the

groceries home? How far away is the movie theater or

the mall?

Cars make our lives easier. They keep us warm and

dry as we travel in storms. We can travel long distances

in a short time. How many places have you gone in a car

this week?

Automobile History

In 1769, Nicolas Cugnot (koon-YOH) made a

tractor for the French army. It used steam to move. It

had three wheels and went just over two miles per hour.

Sometime between 1832 and 1839, Robert

Anderson built the first electric vehicle (VEE-ih-kuhl).

More electric vehicles were built throughout the 1800s

and early 1900s. An electric car built in 1902 could go

miles per hour.

But, electric vehicles could not go very far. So,

in 1876, Nicolaus Otto invented a gasoline engine

that could. In 1885, Gottlieb (GOT-leeb) Daimler

(DAHYM-lur) made the engine even better. Then

Henry Ford helped make gas-powered cars the car of

the future.

f Cugnots steam vehicle

f workers adding wheels to a car

The Model T

In 1908, Henry Ford built a car called the Model T .

Only one Model T was built at a time, so they were made

very slowly. This made them expensive to buy. So, Ford

thought of a different way to make them. He invented

assembly-line production . That means a car is made by a

line of people. Each person in line has a different job to

do. They do the same work on every car. He also made

the parts for each car the same size and shape, so the

parts in one car would fit in another car, too. Cars could

be made faster, and that saved money. With assembly

lines, a basic Model T cost about $300.

Henry Ford tried many times to make the right car.

He made Model A, Model B, Model C, and so on. Ford

said, Failure is only the opportunity to begin again more

intelligently. After many tries, he finally made the

Model T.

Have you ever seen a carriage that is pulled

by a horse? That is a bit how the Model T looked.

The Model T roadster could hold two people. It

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