CONTENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Phil Scraton PhD is Professor of Criminology in the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice, School of Law, Queens University, Belfast, and Director of the Childhood, Transition and Social Justice Initiative. Formerly Director of the Centre for Studies in Crime and Social Justice at Edge Hill University, his books include: Causes for Concern: Criminal Justice on Trial; The State of the Police; In the Arms of the Law: Coroners Inquests and Deaths in Custody; Law, Order and the Authoritarian State; Prisons Under Protest; Childhood in Crisis?; Beyond September 11: An Anthology of Dissent; Power, Conflict and Criminalisation; The Violence of Incarceration; The Incarceration of Women: Punishing Bodies, Breaking Spirits. His recently published research reports include: Childhood in Transition: Experiencing Marginalisation and Conflict in Northern Ireland; The Hurt Inside: The Imprisonment of Women and Girls in Northern Ireland; The Prison Within; Childrens Rights in Northern Ireland.
His work on Hillsborough includes two substantial reports: Hillsborough and After: The Liverpool Disaster (1990) and No Last Rights: The Promotion of Myth and the Denial of Justice in the Aftermath of the Hillsborough Disaster (1995). Hillsborough: The Truth was first published in 1999, the second revised edition in 2000 and the third revised edition in 2009. In 2010 he was appointed by the Home Secretary to the Hillsborough Independent Panel to lead the panels research team, based at Queens University, and he is primary author of Hillsborough: The Report of the Hillsborough Independent Panel (2012). He was seconded to the Hillsborough families legal teams throughout the new inquests, 201416. He was research consultant for Dan Gordons Emmy-nominated BBC/ESPN film Hillsborough.
In 2016 he was awarded the Freedom of the City of Liverpool. He lives in Belfast with his partner Deena Haydon and has two sons, Paul and Sean.
HILLSBOROUGH
THE TRUTH
PHIL SCRATON
TRANSWORLD PUBLISHERS
6163 Uxbridge Road, London W5 5SA
www.penguin.co.uk
Transworld is part of the Penguin Random House group of companies whose addresses can be found at global.penguinrandomhouse.com
First published in Great Britain in 1999 by Mainstream Publishing Company
an imprint of Transworld Publishers
Mainstream edition revised and reprinted 2000, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2014
This Mainstream revised edition published 2016
Copyright Phil Scraton 1999, 2016
Map from Lord Justice Taylors Interim Report.
Cover image credit Nigel Roddis
Phil Scraton has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the author of this work.
Every effort has been made to obtain the necessary permissions with reference to copyright material, both illustrative and quoted. We apologize for any omissions in this respect and will be pleased to make the appropriate acknowledgements in any future edition.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Version 1.0 Epub ISBN 9781780578415
ISBN 9781910948019
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Dedicated to the memory of
John Alfred Anderson
Colin Mark Ashcroft
James Gary Aspinall
Kester Roger Marcus Ball
Gerard Bernard Patrick Baron
Simon Bell
Barry Sidney Bennett
David John Benson
David William Birtle
Tony Bland
Paul David Brady
Andrew Mark Brookes
Carl Brown
David Steven Brown
Henry Thomas Burke
Peter Andrew Burkett
Paul William Carlile
Raymond Thomas Chapman
Gary Christopher Church
Joseph Clark
Paul Clark
Gary Collins
Stephen Paul Copoc
Tracey Elizabeth Cox
James Philip Delaney
Christopher Barry Devonside
Christopher Edwards
Vincent Michael Fitzsimmons
Thomas Steven Fox
Jon-Paul Gilhooley
Barry Glover
Ian Thomas Glover
Derrick George Godwin
Roy Harry Hamilton
Philip Hammond
Eric Hankin
Gary Harrison
Stephen Francis Harrison
Peter Andrew Harrison
David Hawley
James Robert Hennessey
Paul Anthony Hewitson
Carl Darren Hewitt
Nicholas Michael Hewitt
Sarah Louise Hicks
Victoria Jane Hicks
Gordon Rodney Horn
Arthur Horrocks
Thomas Howard
Thomas Anthony Howard
Eric George Hughes
Alan Johnston
Christine Ann Jones
Gary Philip Jones
Richard Jones
Nicholas Peter Joynes
Anthony Peter Kelly
Michael David Kelly
Carl David Lewis
David William Mather
Brian Christopher Matthews
Francis Joseph McAllister
John McBrien
Marian Hazel McCabe
Joseph Daniel McCarthy
Peter McDonnell
Alan McGlone
Keith McGrath
Paul Brian Murray
Lee Nicol
Stephen Francis ONeill
Jonathon Owens
William Roy Pemberton
Carl William Rimmer
David George Rimmer
Graham John Roberts
Steven Joseph Robinson
Henry Charles Rogers
Andrew Sefton
Inger Shah
Paula Ann Smith
Adam Edward Spearritt
Philip John Steele
David Leonard Thomas
Patrick John Thompson
Peter Reuben Thompson
Stuart Paul William Thompson
Peter Francis Tootle
Christopher James Traynor
Martin Kevin Traynor
Kevin Tyrell
Colin Wafer
Ian David Whelan
Martin Kenneth Wild
Kevin Daniel Williams
Graham John Wright
and to
The bereaved, the survivors, the rescuers
The Hillsborough disaster
15 April 1989
Map of Hillsborough Stadium and Approaches, April 1989, from Lord Justice Taylors Interim Report
ABOUT THE BOOK
Hillsborough: The Truth is the definitive, unique account of the disaster in which 96 men, women and children were killed, hundreds injured and thousands traumatised. It details the appalling treatment endured by the bereaved and survivors in the immediate aftermath, the inhumanity of the identification process and the vilification of fans in the national and international media.
In 2012, Phil Scraton was the primary author of the ground-breaking report published by the Hillsborough Independent Panel following its new research into thousands of documents disclosed by all agencies involved. Against a backdrop of almost three decades of persistent struggle by bereaved families and survivors, in this new edition he reflects on the Panels in-depth work, its revelatory findings and their unprecedented impact an unreserved apology from the Prime Minister; new criminal investigations; the Independent Police Complaints Commissions largest-ever inquiry; the quashing of 96 inquest verdicts; a review of all health and pathology policies. Paving the way for truth recovery and institutional accountability in other controversial cases, he details the process and considers the impact of the longest ever inquests, from the preliminary hearings to their comprehensive, devastating verdicts.