Acknowledgments
In twenty years of studying culinary history I have incurred many debts which it is a pleasure to acknowledge. The director of the Schlesinger Library, Patricia M. King, its curator of printed books, Barbara Haber, and the entire staff have made using it a continuing pleasure. I have also been greatly helped by the staffs of many other parts of the Harvard College Libraries, especially the Houghton Library, Widener Library, the Fogg Museum Library, the Harvard Theatre Collection, and the Kress Library; their riches are legendary, and I could not have written this book without them. I am also deeply grateful to the Bibliothque nationale in Paris for two years spent with its incomparable collection of French cookbooks. The Special Collections Department of the Iowa State University Library in Ames, Iowa, provided me with material I have found nowhere else. Eleanor Sayre and her staff in the Print Room of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, were endlessly helpful in guiding me through the museums astonishing holdings. I am glad to thank the photographic services departments of the Fogg Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and the Iowa State University Library.
I also want to express my gratitude to the many people who have helped and encouraged me. Among them are Jean Benton, Narcissa Chamberlain and the late Samuel Chamberlain, Jeanette Cheek, Julia Child, Natalie Zemon Davis, Ruth and Jonathon Liebowitz, David R. Miller, Steven Raichlen, David Segal, Pauline Shannon, and Joyce Toomre. I am deeply indebted to the Culinary Historians of Boston who took part in an eighteenth-century-style dinner based largely on recipes from this book, and to my family and friends who are, even now, willing to tasteand comment onmy experiments. At the University of Pennsylvania Press Ingalill Hjelm and Jo Mugnolo have been patient and unfailingly helpful; Trudie Calverts keen copyeditors eye has been a great asset.
From the very beginning I have enjoyed the interest and support of my mother, Ruth V. S. Lauer. Above all, I am profoundly grateful to Robert Wheaton, without whom I would never have set out to write this book, could not have continued, and most certainly would never have finished.
About the Author
Barbara Ketcham Wheaton, trained as an art historian, has spent the past thirty-five years researching culinary history. A distinguished graduate of Frances Ecole des Trois Gourmandes, she has lectured frequently, and currently teaches seminars in French culture. An honorary curator of the culinary collection at Radcliffe Colleges Schlesinger Library, she resides with her husband in Concord, Massachusetts. She is at work on a second volume of Savoring the Past, from 1789 to the present.
Bibliography
Adams, William Howard. The French Garden, 1500-1800. World Landscape and Architecture Series. New York: Brazillier, 1979.
Aebischer, Paul. Un manuscrit valaisian du Viandier attribu Taillevent. Vallesia 8 (1953):73-100.
Aignan, Franois. Le Prestre mdecin, ou discours physique sur ltablissement de la mdecine, avec un trait du caff et du th en France, selon le systme dHippocrate. Paris, 1696.
Alexandre-Bidon, Danile. la table des miniaturistes: Archo-iconographie des gestes et des mets. In Du manuscrit, edited by Carole Lambert, pp. 45-56.
Alexandre-Bidon, Danile, and Corinne Beck Boissard. La Prparation des repas et leur consommation en Forez au XVe sicle. In Manger et boire au Moyenge, Vol. 2, Cuisine, edited by Denis Menjot, pp. 59-71.
Aliquot, H. Les pices la table des papes dAvignon au XlVe sicle. In Manger et boire au Moyen Age, Vol. 1, Aliments, edited by Denis Menjot, pp. 131-50.
Allard, Jeanne. Nola: Rupture ou continuit? In Du manuscrit, edited by Carole Lambert, pp. 149-61.
Allemagne, Henry Ren d. Decorative Ironwork: A Pictorial Treasury. Translated by Vera K. Ostia. New York: Dover, 1968.
Almanach parisien, en faveur des trangers. Paris, n.p., n.d.
Amargier, P. Notes sur lichtophagie des Serviteurs de Dieu en Provence au Moyen Age. In Manger et boire au Moyen Age, Vol. 2, Cuisine, edited by Denis Menjot, pp. 313-23.
Andries, Lise. Cuisine et littrature populaire. Dix-huitime sicle 15 (1983):33-48.
. Cuisine et littrature de colportage en France au XVIIIme sicle. Dalhousie French Studies 11 (Fall-Winter 1986):35-43.
Apologie des modernes, ou rponse du cuisinier franois auteur des dons de Comus au patissier anglois. N.p., n.d. Reprinted in Les Dons de Comus, by Franois Marin, pp. 257-302.
Arber, Agnes. Herbals: Their Origin and Evolution; a Chapter in the History of Botany, 1470-1670. 3rd ed., with an introduction and annotations by William T. Stearn. Cambridge Science Classics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Arberry, J. A. A Baghdad Cookery Book, Translated from the Arabic. Islamic Culture 12 (1939):21-47, 189-214.
Arminjon, Catherine, and Nicole Blondel, eds. Objects civils domestiques: vocabulaire, principes danalyse scientifique. Inventaire gnrale des monuments et des richesses artistiques de la France. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1984.
Aron, Jean-Paul. Biologie et alimentation au XVIIIe sicle et au dbut du XIXe sicle. Annales: Economies, Socits, Civilisations 16 (1961):97177.
. Le Mangeur du XIXe sicle. Paris: Laffont, 1973.
. The Art of Eating in France: Manners and Menus in the Nineteenth Century. Translated by Nina Rootes. New York: Harper and Row, 1975.
Artus, Thomas, sieur dEmbry. Description de l Isle des Hermaphrodites pour servir du supplement au journal de Henri III. Cologne, 1724.
A table. Paris: Centre de Cration Industrielle, Centre George Pompidou, and Groupe Mot-Hennessy, 1986.
Athenaeus: The Diepnosophists. Edited and translated by Charles Burton Gulick. 7 vols. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, Loeb Classical Library, 192744.
Audiger, N. La Maison regle et lart de diriger la maison dun grand seigneur et autres, tant la ville qu la campagne avec la veritable methode de faire toutes sortes dessences deaux et de liqueurs, fortes et rafrachissantes la mode dItalie. Paris, 1692. Reprinted in La Vie prive dautrefois: La Vie de Paris sous Louis XIV, by Alfred Franklin, pp. 1-203.
Saint Augustine. The City of God. In Basic Writings of Saint Augustine, edited by Whitney J. Oates. New York: Random House, 1948.
Aurell, Martin, Olivier Dumoulin, and Franoise Thelamon, eds. La Sociabilit table: Commensalit travers les ages. Actes du Colloque de Rouen avec la participation de Jacques Le Goff, 14-17 novembre 1990. Publication de lUniversit de Rouen 178. Rouen: Universit de Rouen, 1992.
Austin, Thomas, ed. Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-Books. Early English Text Society, old ser. 91. London, 1888. Reprint, London: Oxford University Press, Early English Text Society, 1964.
Axford, Lavonne B. English Language Cookbooks, 1600-1973. Detroit: Gale Research, 1976.
Aymard, M. Toward the History of Nutrition. In Food and Drink in History, edited by Robert Forster and Orest Ranum, pp. 116.
Babeau, Albert. Les Artisans et les domestiques dautrefois. 2nd ed. Paris, 1886.
Babelon, Jean-Pierre. Demeures parisiennes sous Henri IV et Louis XIII. Paris: Le Temps, 1965; Paris: Hazan, 1991.
Balard, Michel. Epices et condiments dans quelques livres de cuisine allemands (XlVe-XVIe sicles). In Du manuscrit, edited by Carole Lambert, pp. 193201.
Balinghem, Antoine de (1571-1630). Apresdinees et propos de table contre lexcez av boire et av manger, povr vivre longement, sainement, et sainctement, dialogisez entre vn prince & sept scauants personnages.