MacArthur Douglas - American Caesar, Douglas MacArthur, 1880-1964

D ISTURBER OF THE P EACE: The Life of H. L. Mencken

A R OCKEFELLER F AMILY P ORTRAIT: From John D. to Nelson

P ORTRAIT OF A P RESIDENT: John F. Kennedy in Profile

A MERICAN C AESAR: Douglas MacArthur, 18801964

O NE B RIEF S HINING M OMENT: Remembering Kennedy

T HE L AST L ION: Winston Spencer Churchill;

V ISIONS OF G LORY: 18741932

T HE L AST L ION: Winston Spencer Churchill;

A LONE: 19321940

T HE D EATH OF A P RESIDENT: November 20November 25, 1963

T HE A RMS OF K RUPP, 15871968

T HE G LORY AND THE D REAM:

A Narrative History of America, 19321972

A W ORLD L IT O NLY BY F IRE. The Medieval Mind and the Renaissance: Portrait of an Age

C ONTROVERSY: And Other Essays in Journalism, 19501975

I N O UR T IME: The World as Seen by Magnum Photographers

T HE C ITY OF A NGER

S HADOW OF THE M ONSOON

T HE L ONG G AINER

B EARD THE L ION

G OODBYE, D ARKNESS: A Memoir of the Pacific War

TO
THE 29 TH MARINES

3,512 LANDED ON OKINAWA
APRIL 1, 1945
2,821 FELL IN 82 DAYS
THE HIGHEST PRICE EVER PAID
BY A U.S. MARINE CORPS REGIMENT
IN A SINGLE BATTLE

Go tell the Spartans, thou who passest by,
That here, obedient to their laws, we lie.
S IMONIDES AT T HERMOPYLAE

Officers ranks change during their military careers, and attempts to keep track of their promotions merely confuse the reader. In this work, therefore, ranks are omitted unless essential to an understanding of a passage. In the absence of designations to the contrary, the General, when thus capitalized, always refers to Douglas MacArthur. George C. Marshalls Christian name is used to distinguish him from Richard J. Marshall, MacArthurs World War II deputy chief of staff.

Tenses present a similar problem of clarity. To avoid tortuous excursions into the miasmas of the pluperfect, the text occasionally reads, he recalls and he remembers when a specific recollection may in fact have occurred years earlier, often in published memoirs. The present tense enhances lucidity and heightens the sense of immediacy. Citations in the chapter notes, of course, pinpoint the date of each reference.