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Jacques Pépin - The Origins of AIDS

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Jacques Pépin The Origins of AIDS
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It is now forty years since the discovery of AIDS, but its origins continue to puzzle doctors, scientists and patients. Inspired by his own experiences working as a physician in a bush hospital of Zaire, Jacques Ppin looks back to the early twentieth-century events in central Africa that triggered the emergence of HIV/AIDS and traces its subsequent development into the most dramatic and destructive epidemic of modern times. He shows how the disease was first transmitted from chimpanzees to man and then how military interventions, urbanisation, prostitution and large-scale colonial medical campaigns intended to eradicate tropical diseases combined to disastrous effect to fuel the spread of the virus from its origins in Lopoldville to the rest of Africa, the Caribbean and ultimately worldwide. This is an essential perspective on HIV/AIDS and on the lessons that must be learned as the world faces another pandemic.This revised and updated edition incorporates nearly a decades worth of new research on AIDSOffers a unique combination of epidemiology and history in tracing the origins and amplification of AIDS within Africa and then worldwideExplains the complex routes of the virus and how the extension of World War I to Africa might have allowed HIV to make its fateful journey from Southeast Cameroon to LopoldvilleReviews & endorsementsSuperb ... Ppin rightly argues that, apart from social factors promoting HIV spread, inherent properties of the virus must determine its fitness to become pandemic. He also provides the best analysis I have read of the declining HIV-2 epidemic in West Africa. NatureExtensively referenced, [this] well-written book reads like a detective story, while at the same time providing a didactic introduction to epidemiology and evolutionary genetics. As far as the origins of AIDS are concerned, unless some completely new evidence emerges, it will be difficult to come up with a better explanation than Pepins. ScienceA remarkable feat () works out the most likely path the virus took during the years it left almost no tracks. New York TimesAn impressive feat of scientific scholarship absorbing throughout, interweaving quantitative data with historical narrative and lively biographies. The LancetA model study of epidemiology, microbiology, genetics, and social and cultural history. ()The Origins of AIDS bear brilliant witness to the costs of living in a world plagued by emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. The New RepublicThis is scientific history at its most compelling He writes with grace and feeling, and makes accessible the scientific and clinical issues. Above all, he comes across as a humane and caring doctor. This is a major contribution to our understanding of the scourge that has defined our times. Times Literary Supplement

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Contents The Origins of AIDS It is now forty years since the discovery of - photo 1
Contents

The Origins of AIDS

It is now forty years since the discovery of AIDS, but its origins continue to puzzle doctors, scientists and patients. Inspired by his own experiences working as a physician in a bush hospital in Zaire, Jacques Ppin looks back to the early twentieth-century events in central Africa that triggered the emergence of HIV/AIDS and traces its subsequent development into the most dramatic and destructive epidemic of modern times. He shows how the disease was first transmitted from chimpanzees to man and then how military campaigns, urbanisation, prostitution and large-scale colonial medical interventions intended to eradicate tropical diseases combined to disastrous effect to fuel the spread of the virus from its origins in Lopoldville to the rest of Africa, the Caribbean and ultimately worldwide. This is an essential perspective on HIV/AIDS and on the lessons that must be learned as the world faces another pandemic.

Jacques Ppin is Professor in the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases at Universit de Sherbrooke, Canada. He has conducted research on infectious diseases in sixteen African countries.

The Origins of AIDS

Second Edition

Jacques Ppin

Universit de Sherbrooke, Canada

University Printing House Cambridge CB2 8BS United Kingdom One Liberty - photo 2
University Printing House Cambridge CB2 8BS United Kingdom One Liberty - photo 3

University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom

One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA

477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia

314 321, 3rd Floor, Plot 3, Splendor Forum, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi 110025, India

79 Anson Road, #06 04/06, Singapore 079906

Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.

It furthers the University s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence.

www.cambridge.org

Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108487498

DOI: 10.1017/9781108767019

Jacques Ppin 2011, 2021

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2011

13th printing 2017

Second edition 2021

Printed in the United Kingdom by TJ International Ltd, Padstow Cornwall

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library.

ISBN 978-1-108-48749-8 Hardback

ISBN 978-1-108-72039-7 Paperback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

To my father Jean-Marc (1930 2017), whose wit and wisdom I will never match

Contents
Figures
Maps
Acknowledgements

During the lengthy process of writing up this second edition, I became especially indebted to Bernadette Wilson, who translated the parts written in French, to Michael Watson (Cambridge University Press) for his support, Anne Welschen (AfricaMuseum) for her help with the photographs and Christian Audet for the illustrations. Thanks also to Joyce Stringer for secretarial assistance, Eric Ppin for data collection and Martine Six for translation of documents in Flemish. I am grateful to my colleagues Eric Frost and Annie-Claude Labb who helped me, over a long period, conduct the epidemiological studies that proved, indirectly, the role of iatrogenic transmission in the emergence of HIV.

Over the many years that I spent collecting historical documents, I was assisted in an ever-friendly way by the archivists and librarians of the following institutions: Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, AfricaMuseum, Royal Library, Archives Gnrales du Royaume and Universit Libre de Bruxelles in Brussels; Leuven University, especially the KADOC documentation and research centre; Universit Catholique de Louvain; Bibliothque Nationale de France and Service Historique de la Dfense in Paris; Widener Library, Harvard University; British Library and School of Oriental and African Studies in London; Institut de Mdecine Tropicale du Service de Sant des Armes in Marseille; and Archives Nationales d Outre-Mer in Aix-en-Provence.

Photo Credits

The following photographs were used with permission from the Royal Museum of Central Africa (RMCA), now AfricaMuseum, RMCA Tervuren , and the numbers given are those of the RMCA Tervuren collection:

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