PREFACE
JUDGED by modern standards, the history of British foreign policy in the second half of the seventeenth century has still to be written. Rankes account is seventy years old, the massive work of Gardiner and Sir Charles Firth stops at 1658, and no one has pursued the subject on anything like the same scale. To make a small contribution towards filling that gap is the purpose of this book.
The period taken is, perhaps, the most neglected in the century; the documents are uncalendared and scattered, and the detailed research which in recent years has thrown much light on the second half of Charles reign is (with the brilliant exception of Miss Barbours Arlington) still lacking for the first. For this reason, though not for this alone, I have attempted rather a general essay in policy than a diplomatic history, which requires (and is, indeed, receiving) a more intensive study of particular episodes, like the Triple Alliance. This, too, influenced the obviously imperfect choice of my material, which I should put in this order of importance, as related to the present condition of the subject: British public archives, collections in private hands, foreign printed literature, and foreign archives of which less use has been made.
I should add that dates, unless otherwise stated, are Old Style, and that where the names of both correspondents, date, and manuscript source are given, I have thought it generally unnecessary to quote folio pages. I am very specially indebted to the Marquis of Bath for generous access to the Coventry papers; to the Hon. Charles Clifford and Mr. Cottrell-Dormer for letting me see the papers of their ancestors; to the Warden and Fellows of All Souls College for leave to use some of Leoline Jenkins manuscripts; to Dr. Japikse and his staff for helping my work at the Hague; to Senor Plaza for assistance in procuring transcripts from Simancas; and to the staff of the British Museum, the Public Record Office, and the Bodleian, for the services they render to all.
More than all, I must thank Mr. G. N. Clark, of Oriel College, for his kindness in the thankless task of reading this work in proof.
KEITH FEILING.
January 1930.
CONTENTS
LIST OF MSS. REFERENCES
AND ABBREVIATED TITLES
(a) MSS.
1. PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE.
State Papers, Foreign: General series. These are cited by the country and volume in question; e.g. France 123.
Fr. tr. = French Transcripts.
Archives.
Treaty Papers.
Roman Transcripts.
Foreign Entry Books.
Newsletters.
State Papers Domestic.
2. BRITISH MUSEUM.
Add.(itional), Sloane, Egerton, Harleian, and Stowe collections.
3. BODLEIAN.
Clarendon, Rawlinson, Carte, and Tanner papers.
4. SIMANCAS = transcripts from the Spanish Archives at Simancas.
5. R.A. = Rijks archief, the Hague.
6. CLIFFORD = papers in the possession of the Hon. Charles Clifford at Ugbrooke.
7. LONGLEAT = papers in the possession of the Marquis of Bath at Longleat.
8. JENKINS = papers of Sir Leoline Jenkins, in the possession of the Warden and Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford.
9. COTTRELL-DORMER = papers in possession of T. Cottrell-Dormer, Esq., of Rousham.
(b) PRINTED
ADY. Madame, a Life of Henrietta, daughter of Charles I and Duchess of Orleans. 1894.
AITZEMA. Saken van Staet en Oorlogh in en omtrent de Vereenigte Neder landen. 166971.
ARCH. Archives de la maison dOrange-Nassau. 2nd series, vol. v. 1860.
ARL. Letters of the Earl of Arlington: ed. Bebington. 1701.
BALLESTEROS. Historia de Espaa: tomo cuarto, primiera parte. 1926.
BARBOUR. Life of Arlington. 1913.
BLOK. History of the People of the Netherlands. (Eng. tr.) 1898 seq.
BR. Brievengewisselt tusschen den Heer Johan de Witt ende de gevolmagtigden v.d. Stat d. Vereen. Nederl. 1723.
BURNET. History of My Own Time: ed. Airy. 1897.
CAL.S.P.D. Calendars of State Papers Domestic.
CARLSON. Geschichte Schwedens, vols. v. and vi. 187387.
CHRUEL. La Minorit de Louis XIV.
CHRISTIE. Life of Shaftesbury. 1871.
CLARENDON. Life of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon: written by himself. (3 vols.) 1759.
COLENBRANDER. Bescheiden uit vreemde archieven omtrent de groote Nederland. Zeevorlogen. 1919.
COL.S.P. Calendars of Colonial State Papers.
COMBES. Correspondance franaise de J. De Witt. 1873.
COSNAC. Daniel de C. archevque dAix: Mmoires. 1852.
COURTENAY. Life of Sir William Temple. 1826.
C.S.P. Clarendon State Papers.
DALRYMPLE. Memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland (2 vols.) 1771.
DAVENEL (ed.). Lettres du Cardinal Mazarin. (Coll. des Doc. ind.)
DESTRADES. Lettres, mmoires, ngotiations. (9 vols.) 1743.
DOLLOT. Les Origines de la neutralit de la Belgique. 1902.
DREYSS (ed.). Mmoires de Louis XIV pour linstruction du Dauphin. 1860.
DROYSEN. Geschichte der preussichen Politik. (2nd edition.) 186672.
DUMONT. Corps universal diplomatique. 1726.
E.H.R. English Historical Review.
E.I.C. Court Minutes of East India Company. 1922, et seq.
ERDMANSDRFFER. Deutsche Geschichte. 16481740, 1892.
EVELYN. Diary of John Evelyn.
FANSHAWE. Memoirs of Anne, Lady Fanshawe. 1907.
FANSHAWE LETTERS. Original Letters and Negotiations of Sir Richard Fanshawe. 1724.
FINCH. Report on MSS. of A. G. Finch, Hist. MSS. Comm.
FORNERON. The Court of Charles II. 1897.
FRUIN. Brieven van Johan de Witt bewerkt door Robert Fruin (ed. Kernkamp and Japikse). 190613.
GAEDEKE. Die Politik sterreichs in der spanischen Erbfolgefrage. 1877.
GREY. Anchitel Grey: Parliamentary Debates. 1763.
GROOT. Lettres de Pierre de Groot Wicquefort: ed. Krmer. 1894.
HARING, C. H. The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the Seventeenth Century. 1910.
HARRIS, F. R. Life of Edward Montagu, Earl of Sandwich. 1912.
HEATHCOTE. Report on MSS. of J. M. Heathcote, Hist. MSS. Comm.
HIGHAM, C. S. S. The Development of the Leeward Islands, 16601688. 1921.
H.I. Hispania Illustrata. 1703.
JAMES II. Life of James II: by J. S. Clarke. 1816.
JAPIKSE. De Verwikkelingen tusschen de Republiek en Engeland, van 166065. 1900.
JAPIKSE, DE WITT. Johan De Witt: door Dr. N. Japikse. 1928.
JENKINS. Life of Sir Leoline Jenkins: ed. Wynne. 1724.
JUSSERAND. A French Ambassador at the Court of Charles II. 1892.
KHAN. The East India Trade in the Seventeenth Century. 1903.
KLOPP.
