Maurice Jackson - Quakers and Their Allies in the Abolitionist Cause, 1754-1808

QUAKERS AND THEIR ALLIES IN THE ABOLITIONIST CAUSE, 17541808

EDITED BY
Maurice Jackson and Susan Kozel

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Maurice Jackson and Susan Kozel 2015

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BRITISH LIBRARY CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA

Quakers and their allies in the abolitionist cause, 17541808. (Perspectives on early America)

1. Antislavery movements Pennsylvania Philadelphia History 18th century. 2. Quakers Pennsylvania Philadelphia History 18th century.

I. Series II. Jackson, Maurice, 1950, editor. III. Kozel, Sue, editor. 326.8097481109033-dc23

ISBN-13: 9781848935419 (hbk)

ISBN-13: 9781315639024 (ebk)

We would like to thank the outstanding collection of established and emerging scholars who joined us on this adventure. Certainly, Ruth Ireland, Janka Romero, Alex Douglas and the Pickering & Chatto team made this publication possible, and we extend our gratitude to all involved from editing to production.

Maurice would like to thank, in remembrance, four friends who passed away last year: his doctor Lew Marshall, a peace activist friend Acie Byrd, the poet Amira Baraka and the jazz bassist Charlie Haden. He treasures his closest friends: Hank Hucles, Jim Steele, James Bennett, Ron Clark, the literary scholar Jim Miller and the novelist Edward P. Jones. As always he cherishes the support of his mother Zee, his godmother Esther Cooper Jackson (a founding editor with W. E. B. Du Bois of Freedomways magazine), his daughter Lena (a documentary filmmaker (CRENSHAW)), his son Miles (the founder and executive director of CUBA SKATE) and his wife, inspiration and soul mate, Laura Ginsburg. To all of these remarkable folks, he expresses deep gratitude.

Sue would like to express some acknowledgements, including the New Jersey Historical Commission for funding a 2009 mini-grant to research Richard Waln, and New Jersey manumission cases/writs of habeas corpus. Many thanks to the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Haverford College Quaker and Special Collections, and Monmouth County Historical Association for permissions. The late Giles Wright, Maurice Jackson, Graham Russell Hodges, colleagues on proposed and actual panels in SEA, SHEAR, ASLAH, the NJ Forum and international readers with whom she circulated papers and who helped refine her thinking. Thanks to librarians and archivists, in particular Bette Epstein, Ann Upton, Chris Densmore and Ronald Becker, and staff at Monmouth County Parks deserve thanks. The Fall 2012 Institute for Constitutional History challenged her thinking about Quaker abolition, especially Peter Onuf and Annette Gordon-Reed. Her graduate mentor at NYU, Danny Walkowitz, and her undergraduate mentor, John C. Leggett, profoundly influenced her thinking. Finally, never ending thanks to her husband Chris for nearly forty years of support, and to her late mother for believing in the impossible, and her unending love. The book is dedicated to Chris and Betty.

Richard C. Allen is Reader at the University of South Wales. He has published on Quakerism, migration and identity, including Quaker Communities in Early Modern Wales (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2007) and co-edited Irelands of the Mind (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008), Faith of our Fathers (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009) and The Religious History of Wales (Cardiff: Welsh Academic Press, 2014). He is currently writing Welsh Quaker Emigrants and Colonial Pennsylvania (forthcoming).

Louisiane Ferlier is a research associate at CELL, University College London. Her research investigates the material and intellectual circulation of ideas in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. She wrote an intellectual biography of schismatic Quaker author, George Keith (16391716) (forthcoming 2015), and studies the dissemination of Quaker and anti-Quaker ideas.

James J. Gigantino II earned his PhD from the University of Georgia in 2010 and is currently an assistant professor of history and an affiliated faculty member in African and African-American Studies at the University of Arkansas. He is the author of The Ragged Road to Abolition: Slavery and Freedom in New Jersey, 17751865 (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014) and the editor of The American Revolution in New Jersey: Where the Battlefront Meets the Home Front (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2015).

Julie L. Holcomb is Assistant Professor and Graduate Program Director in Museum Studies at Baylor University in Waco in Texas. She received her PhD in transatlantic history from the University of Texas in Arlington. Her book, Moral Commerce: The Transatlantic Boycott of Slave Labor will be published in 2015 by Cornell University Press.

Maurice Jackson teaches Atlantic, African American, Jazz and Washington DC history at Georgetown University. He is author of Let This Voice Be Heard: Anthony Benezet, Father of Atlantic Abolitionism (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009) and co-editor of African-Americans and theHaitian Revolution (New York: Routledge, 2010) and Jazz in Washington, D.C., special issue of Washington History, 26 (April 2014), pp. 1335. He is at work on Halfway to Freedom: African Americans and the Struggle for Social Progress (forthcoming).

Jon R. Kershner is Honorary Researcher in Religion, Politics and Philosophy at Lancaster University (UK), and Adjunct Professor of Theology at Earlham School of Religion. He received his PhD from the University of Birmingham (UK). His research covers John Woolman, Quaker Studies, Historical Theology and Apocalypticism.

Susan Kozel earned her MA in history from New York University. A history adjunct instructor at Kean University, and senior adjunct at Burlington and Mercer County Community Colleges in New Jersey, her research concentrates on Quakers, abolition and human rights in New Jersey. Her new project is entitled Jefferson and the Quakers (forthcoming).

Gary B. Nash is Distinguished Research Professor at UCLA, where he has taught since 1966. He is former president of the Organization of American Historians and an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society. He is the author, co-author and editor of forty books and has published over fifty essays on early American and African-American history.

Geoffrey Plank is a professor of history at the University of East Anglia. He is the author of