Rebecca E. Hirsch - Garfields ® Almost-as-Great-as-Naps Guide to Engineering

Rebecca E. Hirsch

Lerner Publications Minneapolis

E n g in e e r i n g

Guide to

Naps

Almost -as- Great -as-

Garfield created by

In memory of my mother-in-law, Alice Hirsch

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Hirsch, Rebecca E., author.

Title: Garfields almost-as-great-as-naps guide to engineering / by Rebecca E. Hirsch.

Description: Minneapolis : Lerner Publications, [2020] | Series: Garfields fat cat guide to STEM breakthroughs | Audience: Ages | Audience: Grades | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2018047657 (print) | LCCN 2018058842 (ebook) | ISBN 9781541561892 (eb pdf) | ISBN 9781541546400 (lb : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781541574281 (pb : alk. paper)

Subjects: LCSH: EngineeringJuvenile literature.

Classification: LCC TA149 (ebook) | LCC TA149 .H5 2020 (print) | DDC 620dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018047657

Manufactured in the United States of America

1-45569-41278-1/14/2019

Contents

A bout four thousand years ago, ancient Egyptians designed and built the Great Pyramid at Giza. Workers harvested 2.3 million stone blocks. They brought the blocks to the desert on boats. The boats traveled along the Nile River and a series of canals. On land, workers pulled the blocks on heavy sleds. They wet the desert sand to make the sleds easier to pull. Then they raised up the blocks on ramps as the pyramid grew taller.

Great Pyramid

Ancient Egyptians worshipped cats obviously an advanced civilization!

When the pyramid was finished, it stood feet (147 m) and weighed 5.8 million tons (5.2 million t). It remained the tallest building in the world for more than thirty-eight hundred years.

Building a pyramid before the era of modern construction was no easy task!

M ore than two thousand years ago, the ancient Romans performed great feats of engineering. They built aqueducts, or channels for bringing water to cities and towns. The water was used for public fountains and baths. A detailed system of tunnels and pipes moved the water by gravity. Some aqueducts crossed over valleys on high stone arches. Some of these arched aqueducts are still in use.

Roman Engineering