Don Nardo - Ground Zero: How a Photograph Sent a Message of Hope

Benoit, Peter. September 11 Then and Now . New York: Childrens Press, 2012.

Brown, Don. America Is Under Attack: September 11, 2001: The Day the Towers Fell . New York: Roaring Brook Press, 2011.

Hampton, Wilborn. September 11, 2001; Attack on NewYork City . Cambridge, Mass.: Candlewick, 2011.

Thoms, Annie, ed. With their Eyes: September 11th, The View from a High School at Ground Zero . New York: HarperTempest, 2011.

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Why did Osama bin Laden despise and target various western nations, especially theUnited States? Rather than resorting to violence and mass murder, what would havebeen a better approach for him to take in airing his grievances? (Integration ofKnowledge and Ideas)

The three firefighters pictured in Ground Zero Spirit received money from licensingproducts bearing their images. Do you approve of how they used the funds? (Key Ideasand Details)

What factors contribute to the lasting power and appeal of Thomas Franklins iconicphoto? (Craft and Structure)

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Witness to Apocalypse.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

Derek Rubin and Jaap Verheul, eds. American Multiculturalism After9/11: Transatlantic Perspectives . Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009, p. 113

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

David Friend. Watching the World Change: The Stories Behind theImages of 9/11 . New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2006, p. 311

Flag image presented a semblance of hope on 9/11.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

Ibid.

Ibid

Ibid.

Ibid.

Flag image presented a semblance of hope on 9/11.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

Meg Spratt, April Peterson and Taso Lagos. Of Photographs andFlags: Uses and Perceptions of an Iconic Image Before and After September 11, 2001. Popular Communication , Volume 3, Issue 2, 2005, p. 120.

Guy Westwell. One image begets another: a comparative analysisof Flag-Raising on Iwo Jima and Ground Zero Spirit. Journal of War and Culture Studies, Volume 1, Number 3, 2008, p. 329.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

story?id=14456184

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin.

Ibid.

The Associated Press. Statue of trade center flag-raising rebuked. The Baltimore Sun . 12 Jan. 2002. 18 Feb. 2016. http://www.baltimoresun.com/bal-te.statue12jan12story. html

Biggio, Frank A. Neutralizing the Threat: Reconsidering Existing Doctrines in the Emerging War on Terrorism. Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law . Volume34, Issue 1, 2002. 18 Feb. 2016. http://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent. cgi?article=1443&context=jil

Bin Laden, Osama. Bruce Lawrence, ed. Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama Bin Laden . New York: Verso, 2005.

Caron, Christina. 9/11 Firefighter Speaks With ABC News 10 Years Later. ABC News. 7 Sept. 2011. 17 Feb. 2016. http://abcnews.go.com/US/September_11/911firefighter-speaks-abc-news-10-years/story?id=14456184

Ehrenberg, John, ed. The Iraq Papers . New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Friend, David. Watching the World Change: The Stories Behind the Images of 9/11 . New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2006.

Ground Zero Spirit. North Jersey Media Group Foundation. 19 May 2016. http://www.groundzerospirit.org/about.asp

Hampson, Rick. The photo no one will forget. USA Today . 27 Dec. 2001. 18 Feb. 2016. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2001/12/27/usatcovunforgettable.htm

Haught, James A. Holy Horrors: An Illustrated History of Religious Murder and Madness . Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1990.

Help Find the Flag. 16 May 2016. http://www.findthe911flag.com/

Irby, Kenneth. One Mans Path to Historic Photo: Persistence and a Lift on a Tug.Poynter. 2 Sept. 2002. 18 Feb. 2016. http://www.poynter.org/2002/one-mans-pathto-historic-photo-persistence-and-a-lift-on-a-tug/2302/

Johnson, Joel, Matt Buchanan, and Scott Alexander. 9/11: The Photographers Stories,Pt.1Get Down Here. Now. American Photo . 7 Sept. 2011. 17 Feb. 2016. http://www.americanphotomag.com/91101-photographersstories-pt-1-get-down-here-now

Leffler, Melvyn P. September 11 in Retrospect: George W. Bushs Grand Strategy,Reconsidered. Foreign Affairs . September/October 2011. 17 Feb. 2016. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2011-08-19/september11-retrospect

Mahan, Sue, and Pamala L. Griset. Terrorism in Perspective . Thousand Oaks, Calif.:Sage Publications, 2013.

Mockaitis, Thomas R. Osama bin Laden: A Biography . Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood,2010.

One Nation: America Remembers September 11, 2001: 10 Years Later . New York: Little,Brown and Company, 2011.

Rubin, Derek, and Jaap Verheul, eds. American Multiculturalism After 9/11: Transatlantic Perspectives . Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009.

Simmons, Anthony, and Robbyn Swan. The Eleventh Day: The Full Story of 9/11 and Osama bin Laden . New York: Ballantine Books, 2012.

Spotlight on Thomas Franklin. The Image, Deconstructed. 16 Dec. 2011. 17 Feb. 2016. http://imagedeconstructed.com/post/spotlight-on-thomasfranklin/

Spratt, Meg, April Peterson and Taso Lagos. Of Photographs and Flags: Uses and Perceptions of an Iconic Image Before and After September 11, 2001. Popular Communication , Volume3, Issue 2, 2005.

Sweet, Christopher, ed. Above Hallowed Ground: A Photographic Record of September11, 2001 . New York: Viking Studio, 2002.

Timeline: Osama bin Laden, over the years. CNN.com. 2 May 2011. 18 Feb. 2016. http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/05/02/bin.laden.timeline/

Washburn, Lindy. Flag image presented a semblance of hope on 9/11. The Record . 6 Sept. 2011. 18 Feb. 2016. http://www.northjersey.com/news/flag-image-presenteda-semblance-of-hope-on-9-11-1.320385

Westwell, Guy. One image begets another: a comparative analysis of Flag-Raising on Iwo Jima and Ground Zero Spirit. Journal of War and Culture Studies , Volume 1,Number 3, 2008.

Witness to Apocalypse. Columbia Center for Oral History. 8 Sept. 2011. 17 Feb. 2016. The New York Times . http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/08/us/sept-11-reckoning/escape.html?_r=0

Wright, Lawrence. The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11 . New York: Knopf,2006.

Historian and award-winning author Don Nardo has written many books for young people about events connected to the Middle East and terrorism. In addition, he is a specialist in ancient history. Nardo, who also composes and arranges orchestral music, lives with his wife, Christine, in Massachusetts.

It was a warm and sunny morning in New York City on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. For the people of Manhattan, the regular workday had begun, and people both inside and outside of its many towering skyscrapers went about their usual tasks. Few noticed an American Airlines Boeing 767 airliner as it crossed over the nearby East River and headed for Manhattans southern section.