Retina Atlas
Series Editors
Sandeep Saxena
Department of Ophthalmology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Richard F. Spaide
Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA
Eric H. Souied
Department of Ophthalmology, University Paris-Est Crteil, Crteil Cedex, France
Timothy Y. Y. Lai
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
The 9-volume atlas covers validated and comprehensive information on retinal imaging, retinal vascular disorders, macular disorders, vitreoretinal surgical diseases, infectious and inflammatory disorders, retinal degenerations and dystrophies, pediatric retinal diseases, oncology, and trauma. This atlas with over 100 chapters is well supported with hundreds of high-quality images and text notes providing in-depth details and information in a well-organized manner.
The editors Sandeep Saxena (India), Richard F. Spaide (USA), Eric H. Souied (France) and Timothy Y.Y. Lai (Hong Kong), volume editors and contributing authors are reputed eye physicians in their field with vast clinical experience. This series has a full dedicated volume on imaging and includes various imaging technologies like optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, etc. It provides global perspective of vitreoretinal diseases extensively covering medical and surgical aspects of the disease. Uncommon retinal findings in diseases such as Dengue hemorrhagic fever, malaria etc. are also covered well.
Retina Atlas is a useful go-to series meant for ophthalmology residents, retina fellows, and retina specialists as well as general ophthalmologists.
Retina Atlas series includes the following 9 Volumes:
Retinal Imaging
Retinal Vascular Disorders
Macular Disorders
Surgical Retina
Inflammatory and Infectious Ocular Disorders
Hereditary Chorioretinal Disorders
Pediatric Retinal Diseases
Ocular Oncology
Trauma and Miscellaneous Disorders in Retina
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/16451
Editor
Duangnate Rojanaporn
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
ISSN 2662-5741 e-ISSN 2662-575X
Retina Atlas
ISBN 978-981-13-2335-5 e-ISBN 978-981-13-2336-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2336-2
Corrected publication 2019
Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
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Contents
Carol L. Shields and Jerry A. Shields
Carol L. Shields and Jerry A. Shields
Greg Bever , Armin Afshar and Bertil Damato
Duangnate Rojanaporn
Tero T. Kivel
Jose J. Echegaray , Rubens Belfort Neto and Arun D. Singh
Duangnate Rojanaporn
Andrew W. Stacey and Mandeep S. Sagoo
Hiroshi Goto
Carol L. Shields and Sara E. Lally
Carol L. Shields and Jerry A. Shields
Sachin M. Salvi , Soyang E. Kim and Arun D. Singh
Peter Heydon and Mandeep S. Sagoo
Minoru Furuta
Shweta Rathi Gupta and Swathi Kaliki
Tharikarn Sujirakul and Stephen H. Tsang
Tero T. Kivel
C1
About The Editor
Duangnate Rojanaporn MD, FICO
graduated from Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, before completing an International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) fellowship in medical and surgical retina at New York Eye and Ear Infirmary and a fellowship in ocular oncology at Wills Eye Hospital, USA. She is the Director of the Ocular Oncology Service, and course instructor for the Retina Service at the Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital. Dr. Rojanaporn is a pioneer of plaque brachytherapy, and intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in the South East Asia region. She coordinates the ocular oncology program for several international conferences and has been invited to deliver presentations at numerous local, regional, and international meetings. Dr. Rojanaporn received an ICO fellowship grant in 2008, a Professor Yasuo Tano travel grant for the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) meeting in 2013, and an Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology Achievement Award in 2018.