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Hua Yan - Atlas of Ocular Trauma

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Hua Yan Atlas of Ocular Trauma
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Atlas of Ocular Trauma: summary, description and annotation

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This book aims to provide comprehensive pictures of ocular trauma illustrating signs, examinations and surgical procedures to clinical practitioners including the nurses, medical students, residents, fellows and ophthalmologists, and help them make the appropriate decision on the diagnosis and management of such patients. The first chapter gives a general introduction of ocular trauma which helps clinical practitioners generate the basic ideas of classification of ocular trauma and understand general principles of examination and first-aid management of such patients. The following chapters cover all types of ocular trauma with the comprehensive pictures combined with brief case studies. For each disease, a brief introduction, explanation as well as management are offered to the readers. With the illustrative figures, making the right diagnose, offering the best advice or treatment to the patients, and understanding surgical procedures would be easily achieved. The highlight of this book is that the diagnosis and treatment of each disease are concentrated on the pictures and practitioners would understand a sign or even a disease in one visual sweep. Since ophthalmology is such an imaging-heavy specialty, and ocular trauma comes as an emergency condition at most of the time, making the right decision for ocular traumatic patients the first glance is necessary for daily clinical practice. Hopefully this book may help the audiences to be prepared for any challenge of ocular traumatic cases.

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Ocular Trauma Series Editor Hua Yan Tianjin Medical University General - photo 1
Ocular Trauma
Series Editor
Hua Yan
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China

Ocular trauma can be a serious threat to vision, especially if not medically intervened appropriately and in a timely fashion. Immediate and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment is the key to save the eyes and visual function, as well as a great challenge to ophthalmologists, especially emergency doctors. This book series is designed to help the doctors and clinical practitioners have a thorough understanding of ophthalmic emergencies and a mastery of every details of ocular trauma. To do the best, it is required that the ER doctors have solid theoretical knowledge about the anatomy of the eye and basic skills in ophthalmic operations. For that reason, Anatomy and examination of ocular trauma is believed to be necessary and fundamental for this book series. Beyond this, familiarity with the emergency room and efficient protocol will be helpful for the doctors to give treatment in the first time, and it will also be an important part of this book series. Almost all the aspects and details of ocular trauma will be covered in this book series, including mechanical and non-mechanical ocular trauma. Special topics of complicated situations, such as ciliary body impairment, will also be introduced in this book series. Hopefully the readers will enjoy it and find it helpful for them to provide better care to the patients and save vision.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15621

Editor
Hua Yan
Atlas of Ocular Trauma
Editor Hua Yan Department of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University General - photo 2
Editor
Hua Yan
Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
ISSN 2523-3157 e-ISSN 2523-3165
Ocular Trauma
ISBN 978-981-13-1449-0 e-ISBN 978-981-13-1450-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1450-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018961428
Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

Preface

I am really pleased to accept the offer and to take up the challenge of inviting all prior authors to edit all these chapters to address basic knowledge of ocular tauma and present ouclar trauma cases with abundant figures. A thorough accumulation of case presentations of ocular trauma is a prerequisite for proper analysis and intervention of ocular trauma in the clinic, which provide better interpretation of long-term outcomes of eye injuries. This book aims to provide the most thorough knowledge of ocular trauma related to mechanical injury and chemical or thermal injury to clinical practitioners, such as the medical students, residents, fellows, and ophthalmologists, to help them make the most appropriate decision on the management of patients who have suffered from such ocular conditions.

This book overall has been divided into two parts encompassing the basic knowledge of ocular trauma and the detailed case presentations based on the ocular anatomy, including conjunctival injury, corneal injury, iris and ciliary body injury, lens injury, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal and choroidal injury, eye lid injury, lacrimal apparatus injury, orbital injury, traumatic optic neuropathy, ocular perforating injury, rupture eye, ocular chemical burn, and ocular thermal and radiation burns. Part I demonstrates the epidemiology of ocular trauma and the classification and evaluation system of ocular trauma with its current status and how it works. In Part II, for each chapter, detailed clinical workup, clinical presentations and signs, and pictures or illustrative figures are provided. Additionally, the pearls section, which conclude the chapters, help emphasize the most definite point in each chapter. Hopefully, this book may help the clinical practitioners to be fully prepared for any challenge of ocular traumatic cases.

Hua Yan
Tianjin, China
Contents
Yuanyuan Liu and Hua Yan
Bo Qin and Sheng Chen
Weiyun Shi and Ting Wang
Nan Wu , Zui Tao and Hong Ji
Haibo Li
Xuemin Jin , Dong Qin , Yanting Wang , Shuangshuang Li , Jinfeng Han and Mengdi Li
Tingkun Shi and Haoyu Chen
Xibin Zhou , Hai Tao and Yueyue Li
Hai Tao , Xibin Zhou and Yueyue Li
Yueyue Li , Hai Tao and Xibin Zhou
Yun Zhang and Meixia Zhang
Hua Yan , Baoqun Yao , Chunjie Mao , Pingting Zhao , Fang Zheng and Wei Zhang
Zhijun Wang , Yujie Yan , Tong Zhao , Chuan Sun and You Chen
Weiyun Shi and Ting Wang
Weiyun Shi and Ting Wang
Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
Hua Yan (ed.) Atlas of Ocular Trauma Ocular Trauma https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1450-6_1
1. Introduction
Yuanyuan Liu
(1)
Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
Hua Yan
Abstract

Ocular trauma (OT) is an important preventable cause of blindness and visual impairment in the world, with approximately 55 million occurred annually and high risk to permanent visual impairment with long-term disabilities. In addition, different subtypes of ocular trauma resulted from various sources may result in different complications, in which surgery might be required and greater vision loss caused. Hence it is of great significance to make a consensus on the basic concept of ocular trauma, aiming to have a better analysis and efficient medical treatment for ocular trauma in the clinic. This chapter is dedicated to give a comprehensive introduction about terminology, epidemiology, uniformed classification, source, and score of ocular trauma.

Keywords
Ocular trauma BETT OTS
1.1 Terminology of Ocular Trauma

Trauma including physical injury or chemical erosion can cause a wide spectrum of lesions of globe and adnexa, resulting in structural or functional abnormality to some extent. Unlike to the other parts covering with clothes, the eyes are more vulnerable to be injured due to no protection or spectacles. Although no accurate data about incidence of ocular trauma or blindness caused by ocular trauma worldwide, half a million of blindness induced by ocular trauma were assumed by conservative estimates documented by WHO []. By now, ocular trauma has been the main preventable cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. Hence, it is worthwhile to make the strengthening of preventive measures in terms of need for medical care, loss of income, and cost of rehabilitation services on ocular trauma victims.

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