Baldor Robert A. - The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2018

T his is the 26th edition of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult , a comprehensive point-of-care tool to assist in the care of patients. From beginning to end, one cannot find a more current and easy-to-use collection of clinically useful content. Developing and maintaining a book and website of this magnitude requires an equally broad effort from its supporting team. I wish to thank the dedication and tireless efforts of many: executive editor, Rebecca Gaertner; digital product development editor, Leanne Vandetty; marketing manager, Rachel Mante Leung; and publisher, Lisa McAllister. This 2018 edition is the direct result of the dedication and insights of our associate editors. I wish to thank Drs.

Robert Baldor, Jeremy Golding, and Mark Stephens for their hard work and overwhelming commitment to The 5-Minute Clinical Consult . I wish to especially thank my wife, Sylvia, and my daughter, Molly, who have given greatly for this book. The challenge of completing a book covering this broad a spectrum of medicine requires insights and skills far beyond my own. Many thanks to my mentors Bob Baldor and Mark Quirk who have been an enormous supportalways there to encourage, reassure, and impart wisdom. Many in the academic and health care worlds are due thanks for support, insight, and friendship: Daniel Lasser, Alan Chuman, Michele Pugnaire, Karen Rayla, Maryanne Adams, Jennifer Masoud, Phil Fournier, Erik Garcia, Jeff Stovall, Jim Comes, Len Levin, Judy Norberg, J. Herb Stevenson, Robert Jenal, Michael Kidd, Zainab Nawab, Sanjiv and Amita Chopra, Vasilios (Bill) Chrisostomidis, James (Jay) Broadhurst, Danuta Antkowiak, Atreyi Chakrabarti, Joseph Frappier, Kate Peasha, the staff of Shrewsbury Family Medicine, Mark Powicki, Steve Messineo, and the faculty and amazing students of the University of Massachusetts Medical School.

Medicine is a challenge I have fortunately not had to meet alone. Thanks to my parents, Frank and Angela (Jean); my brother, John, and his family, Marylou, Cate, and Jane; Frank, Mary Anne, Diane, and David Christian; the Diana and Hymie Lipschitz family; and the Bob and Ruth Pabreza family; they are responsible for who I am and my success in life. I am blessed with the best of friends; without them, I would not be a physician. Thanks to Bob Bacic, Ron Jautz, Richard Onorato, John Horcher, Auguste Turnier, Bob Smith, Paul Saivetz, Bob and Nancy Gallinaro, Drew and Jill Grimes, Louay Toma, Laurie, Alan, Daniel, Jenny, and Matt Bugos, Alan Ehrlich, Andy Jennings, Bill Demianiuk, Mark Steenbergen, John and Kathleen Polanowicz, Phil and Carol Pettine, Mark Shelton, Steve Bennett, Vicki Triolo, and Michael Bernatchez. F RANK J. D OMINO , MD Born in 1926, H.

Winter Griffith became a pioneer in the world of family medicine. He recognized the benefit of fast access to information needed at the point of care. His first book focused on patient education and was published in the early 1970s. Before his death, his patient education book was updated through eight editions and three decades. Dr. Griffith wrote 27 books covering issues including medications, sports medicine, and patient education.

In 1993, he published the first edition of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult. Despite his busy practice, his academic work (teaching first in Florida and then in Arizona) and his own health problems, Dr. Griffith, along with coeditor and author, Mark Dambro, MD, continued to help his peers by updating this book every year. He and Mark wrote much of the book and invited volunteer authors to help cover the wide range of the text. Like Dr. Griffiths other books, The 5-Minute Clinical Consult immediately filled a void in patient care.

Their work became the first fast method to answer clinical questions of diagnosis and treatment. It is the first database of medical information. In fact, their motivation for developing this structured content was to make it available on technology. This years 5-Minute Clinical Consult is dedicated to Dr. H. Winter Griffith and to Dr.

Mark Dambro. Their efforts were visionary, and their legacy is the book in your hand. Dr. Griffith is gone, but Dr. Dambro continues to work in medicine. Thank you Dr.

Griffith and Dr. Dambro. And thank you to all of the volunteer authors of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult . Your dedication and interest have made this book, year after year, a valuable asset to all who practice medicine. As the current editor, my reliance on you is great, and my gratitude greater. Like Dr.

Griffith, your efforts will live on in these pages. F RANK J. D OMINO , MD Osman Z. Abbasi, DO Emergency Medicine Resident Department of Emergency Medicine Lehigh Valley Health Network Allentown, Pennsylvania Mohamed Abdalaziz, MD Geriatrics Fellow University of Illinois at Chicago Family Medicine Resident University of Creighton Omaha, Nebraska Adil Abdalla, MD Department of Gastroenterology CHI Health Omaha, Nebraska Basmah Abdalla, MD Clinical Instructor Kidney Transplant Program Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles, California Thomas L. Abell, MD Arthur M. Schoen, MD Chair in Gastroenterology Department of Gastroenterology University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky Alain Michael P.

Abellada, MD Medical Director Family Medicine Hospitalist Service Blanchfield Army Community Hospital Fort Campbell, Kentucky Margarita Abi Zeid Daou, MD Resident Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Nashville, Tennessee Hanadi Abou Dargham, MD Resident Department of Family Medicine Sacred Heart Hospital Allentown, Pennsylvania George M. Abraham, MD, MPH, FACP Associate Chief of Medicine Saint Vincent Hospital Professor of Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, Massachusetts Mohammed Abunada, MD Colorectal Surgeon Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar Utkarsh H. Acharya, DO Attending Physician of Immunotherapy Seattle Cancer Care Alliance Assistant Professor of Medical Oncology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington Anne Claire Adams, MD Family Medicine Resident Department of Family Medicine The Christ Hospital University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati, Ohio Rae Adams, MD Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine Bryan, Texas Faraz Ahmad, MD Family Medicine Resident Preventative Medicine Resident Family Medicine Residency Program Department of Family Medicine and Community Health University Hospitals Case Medical Center Cleveland, Ohio Nadir Ahmad, MD, FACS Division Head OtolaryngologyHead & Neck Surgery Associate Professor Director Head & Neck Cancer Program Cooper University Health Care MD Anderson at Cooper Cancer Center Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Camden, New Jersey Shahla Ahmad, MD Family and Community Medicine Resident Department of Family and Community Medicine Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Penn State College of Medicine Hershey, Pennsylvania Sobia Ahmad, MD Clinical Instructor of Family and Community Medicine Family & Community Medicine Summa Barberton Hospital Barberton, Ohio Sumera R. Ahmad, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center and Medical School Worcester, Massachusetts Saeed Ahmed, MD Resident Physician The Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Nassau University Medical Center East Meadows, New York Yasir Ahmed, MD Resident Penn State Hershey Eye Center Penn State College of Medicine Hershey, Pennsylvania Gabriel M. Aisenberg, MD, FACP Associate Professor of Medicine and Associate Program Director Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas, McGovern School of Medicine Houston, Texas Nicole M.

Akers, MD Bayfront Health Family Medicine Residency St. Petersburg, Florida AbdulWahid Al-Mulla, MD Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar Jowhara Al-Qahtani, MD General Surgery Resident Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn, New York Mohannad Al-Tarakji, MD General Surgery Resident Department of General Surgery Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar Bedoor Alabbas, MD George Washington University Hospital Washington, DC Kelly Alberda, MD Family Medicine Dell Childrens Medical Center of Central Texas Seton Medical Center Austin University Medical Center Brackenridge Austin, Texas Peter Albertsen, MD UConn Health Farmington, Connecticut Daniel Albo, MD, PhD Director, Surgical Oncology Services Director, Health Services Research Augusta University Augusta, Georgia Gillian Alex, MD Surgery Resident Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Illinois Andrew G. Alexander, MD Assistant Clinical Professor of Family Medicine University of California, Riverside School of Medicine Riverside, California Mohammed Algodi, MD Clinical Study Supervisor Cardiology Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, New York Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD Assistant Professor/Clinical Department of Family & Community Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas MohamedAli AlHabash, MD Hamad General Corporation Doha, Qatar Jason B. Alisangco, DO, FAAFP Sports Medicine Fellow Fort Belvoir Community Hospital Fort Belvoir, Virginia Venkata M. Alla, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Creighton University School of Medicine Omaha, Nebraska Andrew S. Allegretti, MD Fellow in Nephrology Division of Nephrology Brigham and Womens Hospital Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts J.