Steinberg - Perfect phrases for the TOEFL speaking and writing sections: hundreds of ready-to-use phrases to improve your conversational ability, develop your writing skills, and build exam confidence

PERFECT PHRASES
FOR THE
TOEFL TEST
SPEAKING AND WRITING SECTIONS

Hundreds of Ready-to-Use Phrases to
Improve Your Conversational Ability,
Develop Your Writing Skills, and
Build Exam Confidence

Roberta G. Steinberg

Copyright 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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Contents

PERFECT PHRASES
FOR THE
TOEFL TEST
SPEAKING AND WRITING SECTIONS

The TOEFL iBT (Internet-based Test) is different from previous TOEFL exams in that it includes a speaking section and an integrated writing section. Students who have taken the test have found these additional sections to be particularly difficult. Using this book will help you prepare for these two sections. You will become familiar with the types of tasks or prompts for each section. Each prompt in this book is followed by a response, which highlights the vocabulary and phrases you can use when you take the test. By studying the phrases and vocabulary organized by skill and purpose, you will gain confidence in your speaking and writing ability.

The book is divided into three sections: the speaking section, the writing section, and suggestions for vocabulary development. In the speaking and writing sections, you will learn what is tested on the IBT exam. The speaking section tests six different types of tasks. The writing section tests two different types of tasks. For each task, you will find:

A description of the particular task you must perform.

Two sample questions/lectures/conversations.

Sample responses with note-taking suggestions and preparation tips.

Phrases and vocabulary with reference to each type of task, organized by skill and purpose.

At the end of the listening section you will find a list of helpful Websites. As you prepare for the test by listening to native English speakers as well as by reading and writing every day, you will recognize the need to improve your vocabulary. The suggestions for vocabulary development section includes several time-tested strategies as well as the Academic Word List, a 300-word list of the most frequently used words in university lectures as compiled by Averil Coxhead.

At the end of the book are two appendixes, one a grammar section with rules and exercises and the other a punctuation section with rules. Several of the exercises include actual student errors. Each appendix has a pretest and posttest with answer keys that direct you to the particular rule being tested. These sections will help you prepare for the TOEFL writing and speaking sections. They will be of particular help with your writing.

Good luck on the exam and feel free to e-mail me with any questions or comments at rgsteinberg@mountida.edu.

In the speaking section you will answer six questions while you are speaking into a microphone. The first two tasks are the easiest. They are about topics that are familiar to you. These topics are called independent tasks. One will be a personal preference, and one will be a paired choice, a question that asks you to make and defend a choice between two different behaviors. The third and fourth tasks, integrated tasks, involve listening, reading, and speaking. One of these tasks is about a campus-based situation, and the other involves an academic topic. The fifth and sixth integrated tasks integrate listening and speaking skills. Again, one is campus-based, while the other is academic.

You will take notes to help you prepare for your responses. You will be given a short amount of time, between 15 and 30 seconds, to prepare your responses. You will speak for either 45 or 60 seconds. A clock on the computer shows the time.