Alina M. Balu - Biomass and Biowaste

ISBN 9783110537789

e-ISBN (PDF) 9783110538151

e-ISBN (EPUB) 9783110537826

Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.

2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Valorization of biomass focuses on the transformation of biomass molecules into substitutes for petroleum-based chemicals that can be reused. The monograph Biomass and Biowaste: New chemical products from Old discusses the chemistry and composition of alternative biowaste as renewable resources for advanced applications toward biodegradable materials. At present, the use of biomass as a renewable and inexhaustible source of products has become a research hotspot. Scientific community is carrying out great efforts for the development of bioproducts that could replace those produced from petroleum. Considering the biorefinery concept, the development of processes and products is more effective when it emerges in a circular economy, reusing and valuing wastes of activities that nowadays are considered unprofitable by the society, such as agriculture or fishing, or from the human consumption (urban and industrial wastes).

The first chapter of this book, authored by Funez et al. in a joint work from the Universities of Malaga and Cordoba in Spain, provides a detailed overview of the lignocellulosic biomass, its composition and renewable character as source of bio-based chemicals and products from a biorefinery point of view. Here a comprehensive use of carbohydrates is proposed, focusing on the application of furfural derivatives and their catalytic obtaining by different thermochemical, biochemical, chemical and mechanical processes.

• Furfural Derivatives from Agricultural and Agri-Food Wastes by Heterogeneous Catalysis.I. Funez, C. Garca, P.J. Maireles, L. Serrano.

In Chapter 2, Juodeikiene et al., from Kaunas University of Technology and the University of Health Sciences in Lithuania, present the comprehensive use of agro-industrial wastes via biotechnological and chemical methodologies toward the production of lactic acid, giving a complete overview on green metrics (process efficiency, land use and costs).

• Biorefinery Approach for the Utilization of Dairy By-products and Lignocellulosic Biomass to Lactic Acid.G. Juodeikiene, E. Bartkiene, D. Zadeike, D. Klupsaite.

Chapter 3, stated by Briones et al. from the Advanced Polymer Research Center (CIPA) of Chile, deals with the use of macroalgae biomass and its transformation into alginate-based biopolymers by means of CaCl2/acid methodologies. In addition, the authors report a complete review of algae sourced biomaterials and their potential advanced applications from recent literature.

• Biomass and Biowastes: Renewable Resources for Biodegradable Materials in Advanced Applications. R. Briones, K. Varaprasad.

Later chapters introduce novel nanomaterials and discuss green methods of process intensification and heterogeneous catalysis in order to increase conversion of biomass/biowastes.

Chapter 4, by Coman et al., from the University of Bucharest (Romania), is dedicated to the evolution of the supported metal catalysts (bi- and multimettalic particles based on noble metals supported over oxides such as silica, TiO2 and Al2O3) for biomass upgrading, following the principles of green chemistry through heterogeneously catalyzed processes and looking at the efficient conversion of biomass to value-added fine chemicals and fuels.

• Supported Metals Catalysts for the Sustainable Upgrading of Renewable Biomass to Value-Added Fine Chemicals and Fuels. S.M. Coman, V.I. Parvulescu.

In continuation with the topic on heterogeneous catalysis, Chapter 5 from Triantafyllidis et al., from the University of Aristoteles in Greece, is looking at the state of the art in biomass fast pyrolysis using acidic catalysts, and Chapter 6, by Ivars-Barcel et al. from Madrid (Spain) in collaboration with the group of Rodrguez-Castelln from the University of Malaga (Spain), is focusing on the recent advances made in the development of transition metal catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation reactions of bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis.

• State of the Art in Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Using Acidic Catalysts: Direct Comparison between Microporous Zeolites, Mesoporous Aluminosilicates and Hierarchical Zeolites. K.S. Triantafyllidis, S.D. Stefanidis, S.A. Karakoulia, A. Pineda, A. Margellou, K.G. Kalogiannis, E.F. Iliopoulou, A.A. Lappas.

• Advances in the Application of Transition Metal Phosphide Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions of Bio-oil from Biomass Pyrolysis. F. Ivars-Barcel, E. Asedegbega-Nieto, E. Rodrguez-Aguado, J.A. Cecilia, A. Infantes-Molina, E. Rodrguez-Castelln.

Finally, Chapter 7 of this book proposes the industrial use of biomass and biowastes in the co-processing with fossil resources. The work, stated by Hidalgo et al. from the Unipetrol Centre for Research and Education (UNICRE) in Czech Rebublic, first details different types of biowastes, non-edible lipids, Fisher Tropsch paraffins and low value biomass, which can be considered in the co-processing with oil fractions in refineries. Later, a complete description of catalytic co-hydroprocessing pathway is provided, emphasizing the reduction of the net final CO2 production (carbon footprint of the fossil/biomass produced fuels) and the enhancement of fuel renewability in the near future.

• Biowaste and Petroleum Fractions Co-processing to Fuels. J.M. Hidalgo, H.P. Carmona, J. Fratczak.

Alina M. Balu acknowledges the COST Actions FP1306 (LIGNOVAL) and CA17128 (LIGNOCOST) for the networking, and Araceli Garca would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (postdoctoral contract Juan de la Cierva Incorporacin IJCI-2015-23168) for the financial support during this work.