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Basically taking multiple files (your code, JS libraries, and even static resources like images and more...) And package them into one or multiple files that you can just load into your html without ever worring about loading order and duplication.
In Webpack the entry configuration allows you to setup the files that will be processed by Webpack.
@TODO
@TODO
Start by installing Webpack globally
npm install -g webpack
When developing, it is good practice to add Webpack as a dependency to your project.
npm install --save-dev webpack
Webpack comes with a package for use while developing.
It allows you to build and serve your files on the fly with auto rebuild when you update your files and some other lovely things!
Go ahead and install it in your project.
npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server
- 1.1
- 1.2
- 2.1
- 2.2
- 2.3
- 2.4
- 2.5
- 3.1
- 4.1
- 4.2
- 4.3
Webpack is a module bundler for the Javascript ecosystem. It's main goal is to all your application code and dependencies targeting the browser.
Let's say your are using a library like Boostrap and you need to use it in your application. The naive approach is:
< html > < head > < link href = "css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "stylesheet" > </<span class="hljs-title">head >
< body > < script src = "https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js" > </<span class="hljs-title">script > < script src = "js/bootstrap.min.js" > </<span class="hljs-title">script > </<span class="hljs-title">body > </<span class="hljs-title">html > When your app starts to grow you can see what a hassle it would be to handle all your dependencies.
Now, imagine being able to require
the Javascript libraries you need directly into your .js
files like that:
var boostrap = require ( 'boostrap' ); // ... your code depending on the lib you just loaded
And then just have to do that:
< head > </<span class="hljs-title">head >
< body > < script src = "js/.js" > </<span class="hljs-title">script > </<span class="hljs-title">body > </<span class="hljs-title">html > Well that's what Webpack is all about. It worries about loading and creating a final js
file to import into your index.html
You can find the source code for this example on Github
First install Webpack globally
npm install -g webpack
Next create a folder and initialize your npm project
mkdir project_dir && cd project_dirnpm init
Answer to the questions (if you are not planning on publishing your code you can press enter until it's finished)
Now let's create some files.
project_dir/-- index.html-- index.js-- webpack.config.js
webpack.config.js
Is the default name for Webpack configuration file. You can setup a full project work-flow just with this file.
In your index.html
we load the file that Webpack will create for you.
< script src = ".js" > </<span class="hljs-title">script >
In your index.js
let's say "Hi".
console .log( 'Hello World!' );
In your webpack.config.js
we will initialize the application configuration.
module .exports = { entry: './index.js' , output: { filename: '.js' }};
The configuration tels Webpack the file it needs to process is index.js
and it has to output a file bundle.js
in the build
directory.
Let's try and run Webpack then !
webpack
Here Webpack automatically looks for a webpack.config.js
file. You can specify another file using '--config=PATH_TO_CONFIG
Now your project should look like this (ignoring npm stuff)
project_dir/-- bundle.js-- index.js-- index.html-- webpack.config.js
In some browsers you cannot load local Javascript files, that's where webpack-dev-server
comes in.
Among other awesome features webpack-dev-server
can process your files and create a HTTP server to serve them.
Let's install it in your project
npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server
Now run
./node_modules/.bin/webpack-dev-server
Go to the url http://localhost:8080
. You should see Hello World!
in your console
.
You will notice in your terminal
that Webpack is still running.If you change your index.js
file it will reprocess it on the fly. You can just reload your browser then.
Webpack offers features for automatic page reload and much more thanks to .
It's all well but for now you have an empty Javascript file. Let's add some code.
Create a folder app
and a my_module.js
file in it.
my_module.js
module .exports = { sayHi: function ( firstname ) { console .log( 'Hi ' + firstname); }};
index.js
var myModule = require ( './app/my_module' );myModule.sayHi( 'Webpack' );
If you left webpack-dev-server
running refresh your browser or restart webpack-dev-server
.
You can see 'Hi Webpack' in the console
.
To recap, Webpack can load modules just like NodeJs and compile them all into one file. You can now use open-source libraries and organize your code much better.
Previously you add to use ./node_modules/.bin/webpack-dev-server
instead of webpack-dev-server
because it isn't installed globally.
Let's setup a npm
script to simplify this. Add this to the "scripts"
in your package.json
{ // ... "scripts" : { "dev" : "webpack-dev-server" }}
Now you can just run
npm run dev
Npm will first look in the ./node_modules
folder of your project when you use modules in your package.json
scripts so you don't to specify the folder by hand.
This is a work in progress don't hesitate to contribute on the Github repository
This book is an unofficial documentation for Webpack with a learn by example approach.
Webpack is a great tool I have been using for some time and I love it!
Even though some of the best starter-kits use it, lots of people won't because they find the documentation obscure.
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