Feng Wang - Collagen-Derived Materials: Synthesis and Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

1. Chapter 1
2. Chapter 2
3. Chapter 4
4. Chapter 5
5. Chapter 7
6. Chapter 10

1. Chapter 1
2. Chapter 2
3. Chapter 3
4. Chapter 4
5. Chapter 5
6. Chapter 6
7. Chapter 7
8. Chapter 8
9. Chapter 9
10. Chapter 10

Feng Wang, Yaqin Huang, and Jin Niu

Authors

Prof. Feng Wang
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for materials
15 Beisanhuan East Road
100029 Beijing
China

Prof. Yaqin Huang
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for materials
15 Beisanhuan East Road
100029 Beijing
China

Associate Professor Jin Niu
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for materials
15 Beisanhuan East Road
100029 Beijing
China

Cover Image: halepak/Getty images

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Global energy demand and environmental degradation have resulted in a severe crisis in the sustainable development of the international community. In this context, it is necessary to develop highefficiency electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices to address the challenges. The assembly of the devices needs materials (especially electrode materials) that should not only show high performance but also have sustainability and low cost.

As one kind of natural biomass, collagen exists in the connective tissues of animals, comprising 23 kinds of amino acids. As the hydrolysate of collagen, gelatin has unique water solubility, rheological property, and gel property. By virtue of rich carbon atoms and noncarbon atoms (e.g. nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur), collagen and gelatin can be converted into a new kind of carbon material. The collagenderived carbons have heteroatom doping and unique morphologies, which are derived from the natural structural compositions of the collagenenriched precursors. By virtue of their structural compositions and unique properties, the collagenderived materials (including gelatin and collagenderived carbons) show promising applications in electrochemical energy storage and conversion.

Our group has been devoted to collagen and collagenderived materials since 1997. We started from the gelatin extraction from collagen and gradually expanded the applications of collagenderived materials. So far, gelatin with and without modification has been used as different modifying agents for electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. Collagenderived carbons with different morphology structures and chemical compositions have also been used as electrodes and support materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Based on the related works, we have published over 100 peerreviewed journal papers and authored more than 40 patents.

This book is based on our published works and also includes typical works by other researchers. It is divided into ten chapters, and written by Prof. Feng Wang, Prof. Yaqin Huang, and Prof. Jin Niu. This book covers basic knowledge of collagen and collagenderived materials, and their typical synthesis and applications. Moreover, it also presents the uptodate ideas and strategies for the synthesis and characterization of advanced collagenderived materials, as well as multifunctional applications in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Therefore, this book can not only enable students and new researchers to obtain easy understanding of these materials and their applications but also serve as an important reference book for scientists and engineers in other research fields.

I would like to thank the other group members for their assistance during the book writing, including Mengyue Liu, Yongzheng Shi, Feng Zhu, Junhui Sun, Binke Li, Na Yang, Rong Shao, Jiaxing Liu, and Weihao Song. I would also like to thank my current and former group members, as well as collaborators who have contributed to the study on collagenderived materials. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52130206, U20A20337, 51432003, 22178016, and 52003025) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (buctrc202024).

Beijing, China
10 August 2021

Feng Wang

Electric energy plays a very important role in our daily life and industrial production. Fossil fuel, nuclear heat, and renewable energies (e.g. solar energy, wind energy, and biomass energy) all can be converted into electric energy . Unfortunately, the energyconversion processes are always accompanied by a lot of energy loss. For instance, the conversion efficiency of nuclear heat to electric energy is only 30%. Moreover, the electric energy derived from renewable energies depends highly on weather, season, and territory, which cannot meet the actual demand in time. Thus, it is an urgent need to address the issue of electric energy storage and conversion.

Developing advanced energy storage and conversion technologies is critical to improving the energy utilization efficiency and expanding the energy application field. Secondary batteries, supercapacitors, water electrolyzers, and fuel cells are some of the typical electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices.. Herein, a brief overview of typical secondary batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and water electrolyzers is presented.