To Jacques Barzun, whose ideas permeate this history.
One hundred years ago, Arthur L. Manchester wrote the following editorial in The Musician, an American journal published monthly from 1896 to 1948.
It is mere folly to talk as the professors talk for a standard orchestra. There never has been a perfect orchestra; there is not likely to be a perfect orchestra for many years to come; and instead of regretting that we are moving away from the orchestra of Mozart's and Haydn's time, we should rejoice on that very account. Why two flutes should be right and three flutes shameful extravagance; why the double clarinet should be looked upon as an unauthorized interloper; why the tubas should be thought the inferiors of the trombones merely because they came in later these and a hundred other things pass the comprehension of everyone who gives ten minutes of serious thought to the orchestra.
The truth is that instead of repelling all the new instruments, we should welcome them, welcome them as helping to make the orchestra a genuine instrument.... When [this is] done we shall be on the way to getting an orchestra worth writing for.
April 1900
... and, without question, worth writing about.
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
Michael Beckerman. Author of New Worlds of Dvorak and Janacek and His World. Awards include the Czech Parliament Order of Merit, ASCAP/Deems Taylor Award and Laureate of the Czech Music Council. Academic career: Washington University-Saint Louis, University of California-Santa Barbara and New York University.
Peter Anthony Bloom. A member of the Comite International Hector Berlioz. Author of Dictionnaire Berlioz, Hector Berlioz Grand Trait d'instrumentation et d'orchestration modernes, Berlioz-Past, Present, Future: Bicentenary Essays and The Cambridge Companion to Berlioz. Awards include the Prix de Joest and a prize from the Deutscher MusikverlegerVerband. Academic career: Smith College.
Michael Broyles. Books include Music of the Highest Class: Elitism and Populism in Antebellum Boston, A Yankee Musician in Europe: The 1837 Journals of Lowell Mason, The Emergence and Evolution of Beethoven's Heroic Style and Mavericks and Other Traditions in American Music. Recipient of many awards, including two fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Academic career: University of Maryland-Baltimore and Pennsylvania State University.
Lance W. B runner. Co-editor of Early Medieval Chants from Nonantola. Recipient of the Eva Judd O'Meara Award. Author of articles for Early Music and MLA Notes. Academic career: University of Kentucky.
J. Peter Burkholder. Past President, Vice President and Director-at-Large of the American Musicological Society: President of The Charles Ives Society; on the board of the College Music Society. Author of Charles Ives: The Ideas behind the Music and All Made of Tunes: Charles Ives and the Uses of Musical Borrowing. Awards include the Alfred Epstein Award, Irving Lowens Award, ASCAP/Deems Taylor Award and Rockefeller, Danforth and ACLS Fellowships. Academic career: University of Wisconsin-Madison and Indiana University.
Gregory G. Butler. Past President of the American Bach Society. Author of articles for the Bach-Jahrbuch, The Musical Quarterly, Early Music and Bach Perspectives. Academic career: University of British Columbia.
Jon W. Finson. Author of Robert Schumann: The Book of Songs, Nineteenth-Century Music: The Western Classical Tradition and The Voices That Are Gone: Themes in Nineteenth-Century American Popular Song. Academic career: University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.
Jane F. Fulcher. Author of articles for The Musical Quarterly, Stanford French Review, 19h Century Music, Journal of the American Musicological Society and others. Author of The Nation's Image: French Grand Opera as Politics and Politicized Art and The Composer as Intellectual: Music and Ideology in France, 1914-1940. Fellowships from the ACLS, National Endowment for the Humanities, The Institute for Advanced Study, Wissenschafts Kolleg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, and the National Humanities Center. Academic career: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales and Indiana University.
Nancy Groce. Folklorist at the Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage, curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Senior Program Officer of the New York Council for the Humanities. Author of The Hammered Dulcimer in America and New York: Songs of the City.
Rufus Hallmark. Editor of Recent Researches in the Music of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. Past Secretary for the American Musicological Society. Academic career: Brown University, MIT.. College of Holy Cross, Queens College, C.U.N.Y. and Rutgers University.
Alan Houtchens. An authority on Dvorak and Czech culture. Research included in Music through the Night: Music and the Great War and Identity and Everyday Life: Essays in the Study of Folklore, Music and Popular Culture. Academic career: University of California-Santa Barbara, Texas A&M University.
Barbara Lambert. Curator, editor, lecturer. Keeper of Musical Instruments for the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Editor of Music in Colonial Massachusetts for the Colonial Society of Massachusetts.
Tod Machover. Pioneering composer in the field of Hyperinstruments. Director of Musical Research at IRCAM. Past awards include a Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et Lettres and the first Ray Kurzweil Prize for music and technology. Academic career: M.I.T., the Royal Conservatory of Music. Death and the Powers, his current opera, will receive its world premiere in Monte-Carlo in November 2008 under the patronage of Prince Albert of Monaco.
Katherine T. Rohrer. Musicologist focusing primarily on 17,h century music, opera and the music of Purcell. Academic career: Columbia University and Princeton University.
Edward Rothstein. Music critic for The New Republic and The New York Times. Author of Emblems of Mind: The Inner Life of Music and Mathematics and Mathematics and Music: The Deeper Links.
Bryan R. Simms. Author of The Atonal Music of Arnold Schoenberg: 1908-1923 and co-author of Music in Western Civilization. Editor of the Journal of Music Theory and Music Theory Spectrum. Grants and fellowships have come from the Fulbright Foundation, National Endowment for the Humanities and Deutsche Akademische Austauschdienst. Academic positions: University of Denver, Yale University and the University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles.
Elaine R. Sisman. Author of Haydn and the Classical Variation. Editor of Haydn and His World. Grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the ACLS. Awards include the Alfred Epstein Award and Columbia's Great Teacher Award. Past President of the American Musicological Society. Academic career: University of Michigan, Harvard University and Columbia University.