Ramaswamy Govindan - The Washington Manual of Oncology

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The Washington Manual of Oncology

Third Edition

Editors

Ramaswamy Govindan, MD

Professor

Division of Oncology

Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Washington University School of Medicine

St. Louis, Missouri

Daniel Morgensztern, MD

Associate Professor

Division of Oncology

Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Washington University School of Medicine

St. Louis, Missouri

Acquisitions Editor: Julie Goolsby

Senior Product Development Editor: Emilie Moyer

Production Project Manager: David Orzechowski

Manufacturing Manager: Beth Welsh

Marketing Manager: Stephanie Kindlick

Design Coordinator: Terry Mallon

Production Services: S4Carlisle Publishing Services

Copyright 2015 by Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Published by Wolters Kluwer.

Copyright 2008, 2002 by Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at (products and services).

987654321

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The Washington manual of oncology / [edited by] Ramaswamy Govindan and Daniel Morgensztern. Third edition.

p. ; cm.

Manual of oncology

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4511-9347-3 (alk. paper)

eISBN 978-1-4963-1843-5

I. Govindan, Ramaswamy, editor. II. Morgensztern, Daniel, editor. III. Washington University (Saint Louis, Mo.). School of Medicine, issuing body. IV. Title: Manual of oncology.

[DNLM: 1. NeoplasmsphysiopathologyHandbooks. 2. NeoplasmstherapyHandbooks. QZ 39]

RC262

616.994dc23

2015000057

This work is provided as is, and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.

This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals examination of each patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.

Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturers package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work.

LWW.com

Dedicated to our colleagues in the Division of Oncology at the Washington University School of Medicine

It has been nearly 13 years since we launched the first edition of The Washington Manual of Oncology. Over the past decade we have witnessed enormous progress in our understanding of molecular alterations in cancer and the use of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Cancer care has become naturally complex and daunting. The current edition has been extensively revised to include these recent developments. Almost all the chapters have been extensively revised or rewritten. As before, this manual is written keeping the trainees in mind while also providing a quick update for the practitioners of oncology. It is our hope that you, the reader, find this manual practical, useful, and stimulating. As always, we will be very grateful to you for pointing out any inadvertent errors that have slipped all our editorial review process. Please feel free to email us with your suggestions, feedback and comments.

Ramaswamy Govindan, MD

Daniel Morgensztern, MD

These are exciting times in oncology. The novel imaging techniques, improved supportive care, and the availability of several new agents that have novel mechanisms of action hold considerable promise in improving the outcomes of cancer patients. In this era of information overload, it is critically important to have a practical manual that is helpful to physicians taking care of patients with cancer.

The chapters are arranged in a logical order beginning with evaluation of symptoms and proceeding in an orderly fashion through the work-up, staging, and stage-directed therapy, and finally ending with discussion on epidemiology and current focus of research. We have embarked on this first edition of The Washington Manual of Oncology to provide a very practical manual that is helpful to medical residents, fellows in training, nurse practitioners, and other practitioners of clinical oncology. Our plan is to publish this book in a timely fashion every two years to keep the information current and up-to-date.

Ramaswamy Govindan, MD

First and foremost, I am delighted to welcome my dear colleague, Daniel Morgensztern, as the co-editor for this edition. Dan is a terrific clinician, clinical investigator and a walking encyclopedia of Medical Oncology. His hard work, diligence, commitment and passion have truly left an indelible mark on this edition. It is no exaggeration to say that this edition would not be in your hands without Dans help. I am truly grateful to him.

Sadly, Jonathan Pine, Senior Executive Editor at Wolters Kluwer, passed away a year ago. Jonathan had worked with me for the past 12 years. He was instrumental in guiding the production of the first two editions and initiated the process for this edition. I will miss him very much.

I want to thank the individual contributors, who are all my dear and well-respected colleagues, for their efforts. As I have found over the years, a number of individuals also work behind the scenes to produce a book. At Wolters Kluwer, Julie Goolsby, Acquisitions Editor, and Emilie Moyer, Senior Product Development Editor, were instrumental in keeping the project moving and persistent with follow-up. Julie and Emilie were kind enough to accommodate our busy schedules and remarkably patient with our delays. I am very grateful for their insight, wisdom and patience. My administrative assistant Johanna Duke is a remarkable individual. Her thoughtful, intelligent, analytical and organized approach made the editing process an enjoyable one. She is a significant contributor to the success of this edition.