Roy J. M. Pugh - Wingate Pasha : the life of General Sir Francis Reginald Wingate 1861-1953 : first Baronet of Dunbar and Port Sudan and maker of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

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Wingate Pasha

Dedication
In Memory of Dennis Moore
and
for Kate

Wingate Pasha

The Life of
General Sir Francis Reginald Wingate
18611953

First Baronet of Dunbar and Port Sudan
and
Maker of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

ROY PUGH

Pen & Sword
MILITARY

First published in Great Britain in 2011 by
P E N & S W O R D M I L I T A R Y
An imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
47 Church Street
Barnsley
South Yorkshire
S70 2AS

Copyright R. J. M. Pugh, 2011

ISBN 978-1-84884-531-2

The right of R. J. M. Pugh to be identified as the author of this work has
been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988.

A CIP catalogue record for this book is
available from the British Library

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying,
recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission from the Publisher in writing.

Typeset by Concept, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire
Printed and bound in England by CPI, UK.

Pen & Sword Books Ltd incorporates the Imprints of Pen & Sword Aviation,
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For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
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Contents

Inevitably, as so many people associated with various organizations and institutions have assisted in the writing of this book, I am at a loss to know where to start in expressing my gratitude to them. Hopefully, any whose names are omitted will excuse my flagging memory and accept my sincere apologies.

In no particular order, I wish to thank Lorraine Holmes, Research Secretary, School of Government and International Affairs, University of Durham and Alistair Tebbit at Durham University Library. I am particularly indebted to Jane Hogan, Assistant Keeper, Archives and Special Collections, Durham University Library for her invaluable assistance in advising me on the Wingate Papers and also to her staff who kindly and unstintingly provided the many box files comprising the impressive Wingate archive in the Sudan Archive Department.

Thanks are also due to the staff of the National Archives of Scotland, Edinburgh, the National Library of Scotland and Edinburgh Public Library.

I would also like to acknowledge the invaluable co-operation and assistance of Sheila Millar, Ray Halliday and Craig Statham of the East Lothian Local History Centre and Gordon Mitchell of the Dunbar Castle Freemasons Lodge. I am also grateful to Peter Gray, former Museums Officer, East Lothian Council Museums Service, for permission to photograph the oil painting of Sir Henry Macleod Leslie Rundle. Thanks are also due to Brian Robertson who took great trouble in producing the aforementioned photograph. I am also indebted to Joy Dodd, Scottish Genealogical Society, for her investigation and preparation of the Wingate family tree.

I am particularly grateful to Mark Beattie, Charles Carruthers, Alexander Knox and Verna Tennant, all of Dunbar, who kindly provided some of the illustrations and allowed the use of books and documents in their possession. I also wish to thank Grahame Smith, Dunbar photographer, whose professionalism is obvious from the quality of his photographs of Reginald Wingate and Captain George Miller Wingate and the Wingate grave. Special thanks are due to John Harris, not only for his invaluable information on Reginald Wingates association with Dunbar Golf Club but also for proof-reading the first version of the manuscript and explaining the mysteries of computer technology to the technosaurus that I am. I am also indebted to Kate Covey, whose support, encouragement and sympathy sustained me during the final months of preparing this book. Finally, I wish to thank Jamie Wilson, Publisher/Commissioning Editor, Richard Doherty, Editor, both of Pen & Sword Books Limited and of course, the publishers themselves who completed the process.

Nile Expedition 1883	Mentioned in Despatches, awarded medal with clasp, bronze star, 4th Class Osmanieh.*
1887	4th Class Medjidieh*
Toski, 1889	Mentioned in Despatches, clasp, Distinguished Service Order.
Tokar, Afafit, 1891	Mentioned in Despatches, clasp to bronze star, 3rd Class Medjidieh.*
CB (Civil), 1895	Companion of the Order of the Bath.
1895	Iron Crown, 2nd Class, Austria.
Firket, Hafir, 1896	Mentioned in Despatches, medal, two clasps.
1897	Star of Ethiopia, 2nd Class.
Atbara, Khartoum, 1898	Mentioned in Despatches twice, three clasps, medal.
KCMG, 1898	Knight Commander of St Michael and St George.
Um Dibkayat, 1899	2nd Class Osmanieh* with two clasps.
KCB, 1900	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath.
1901	1st Class Medjidieh.*
1902	Coronation Medal.
1905	1st Class Osmanieh.*
DCL Oxford, 1905	Doctor of Civil Law
1911	Coronation Medal
GCVO, 1912	Knight Grand Cross of the (Royal) Victorian Order
GCB, 1914	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
1915	Order of the Nile*
1917	Order of Mohammed Ali*
GBE, 1918	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
LLD, Hon., Edinburgh, 1919	Doctor of Law
KVO, 1919	Knight of the Venerable Order of St John
1920	1st Baronet Dunbar and Port Sudan
1927	Gold Medal, Royal African Society
TD, 1935	Territorial Decoration
1937	Silver Jubilee Medal

* Full title = Grand Cordon, Order of the Ottoman Osmanieh, Medjidieh, Nile and Mohammed Ali Medals.

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