Reynolds - Writer, sailor, soldier, spy Ernest Hemingways secret adventures, 1935-1961

I guess in our day fighting will be the cleanest way to live.

Josephine Herbst to Ernest Hemingway, March 16, 1938, in a letter about the Spanish Civil War

• Raymond O. BartonU.S. Army general who commanded the 4th Infantry Division and facilitated Hemingways work as a war correspondent in France in 1944.
• Fulgencio Batistaright-wing dictator of Cuba overthrown by Fidel Castro on January 1, 1959.
• Elizabeth BentleyVassar College graduate who joined the Communist Party in New York in 1935 and then became a Soviet spy. She was also the lover of Jacob Golos, who recruited Hemingway for the NKVD. After Golos died, she turned herself in to the FBI and testified against her former masters.
• Alvah BessieAmerican communist who fought for the Republic in Spain and wrote the well-received memoir Men in Battle. He became one of the Hollywood Ten, a group of communist writers who went to jail for contempt of Congress in 1947.
• Philip W. BonsalU.S. ambassador to Cuba in 1959 and 1960 who befriended Hemingway and tried to find middle ground between Castros Cuba and Eisenhowers America.
• Hayne D. BoydenU.S. Marine Corps aviator who served as naval attach at the American Embassy in Havana and supported Hemingways antisubmarine war patrols in 1942 and 1943.
• Spruille BradenU.S. ambassador to Cuba from 1942 to 1945 who oversaw Hemingways work with his subordinates Boyden and Joyce.
• David K. E. Brucesenior OSS officer who met Hemingway in 1944 in France. Together they played a role in the liberation of Paris. Bruce became a senior U.S. diplomat after the war.
• Fidel CastroCuban revolutionary who overthrew Fulgencio Batista in 1959, establishing a left-wing dictatorship.
• Roald DahlRoyal Air Force officer (and future bestselling author) who befriended Martha Gellhorn and helped get Hemingway to Europe in 1944.
• John Dos Passosfellow novelist and Hemingway friend until their falling-out in Spain in 1937 over the murder of his friend Jos Robles by Republican or Soviet security organs.
• Gustavo Durnmultitalented Spanish composer and soldier who rose to command a division in the army of the Spanish Republic; good friend of Hemingway until their falling-out in 1943; accused of being a communist spy by Senator Joseph R. McCarthy in the 1950s.
• Chou En-laithe charismatic longtime Chinese communist leader who met with Hemingway and Gellhorn in 1941.
• Hanns Eislerformer German communist composer investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947.
• F. Scott Fitzgeraldfellow novelist and close Hemingway friend in the 1920s.
• Francisco FrancoSpanish general and Nationalist leader who led the rebels against the Spanish Republic. When the rebels triumphed, he became the countrys dictator, staying in power until his death in 1975.
• Joseph FreemanAmerican communist writer, New Masses editor, and Hemingway acquaintance.
• Martha Gellhornthe writers third wife, who accompanied him to Spain and China, lived with him in Cuba, and urged him to cover World War II in Europe.
• Jacob Golosardent Bolshevik revolutionary who emigrated to the United States, eventually becoming an NKVD operative in New York; recruited Hemingway for our work in late 1940 or early 1941. He died on Thanksgiving Day in 1943.
• Igor GouzenkoSoviet code clerk who defected in Ottawa in 1945 and took with him a stack of secret documents about Soviet espionage in Canada and the United States.
• Winston GuestAmerican socialite and sportsman who served under Hemingway in both the Crook Factory and on Pilars war cruise.
• Gregory HemingwayHemingways third, and youngest, son.
• Hadley Richardson Hemingwaythe writers first wife, mother of John Hemingway.
• John Bumby Hemingwaythe writers eldest son.
• Leicester HemingwayErnests younger brother, who sailed the Caribbean in 1940 looking for supply depots for German submarines.
• Mary Welsh Hemingwaythe writers fourth, and last, wife, whom he met in London in 1944 and married in Cuba in 1946.
• Patrick Hemingwaythe writers second son.
• Pauline Pfeiffer Hemingwaythe writers second wife, a devout Roman Catholic and the mother of Gregory and Patrick Hemingway.
• Valerie Danby-Smith Hemingwaythe writers last secretary, who, after his death, became the wife of Hemingways third son, Gregory.
• Josephine (Josie) Herbstleft-wing American novelist and Hemingway friend in Paris, Key West, and Spain.
• Jos Luis Herrera (also known as Herrera Sotolongo)Cuban communist and Spanish Civil War veteran who was Hemingways personal physician and friend.
• John HerrmannJosie Herbsts husband, a novelist and undercover communist agent.
• J. Edgar Hooverlongtime director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
• Harry Hopkinsaide to President Franklin Roosevelt, director of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), the New Deal agency that operated from 1933 to 1935.
• A. E. HotchnerAmerican journalist and writer born in 1920 who went to Havana in 1948 to interview Hemingway, became his close companion, and, after the writers suicide, authored five books and many articles about him.
• Joris IvensDutch communist filmmaker and Comintern operative who worked with Hemingway on a film about the Spanish Civil War.
• Sir Anthony Jenkinsona young British aristocrat who joined forces with Leicester Hemingway to explore the Caribbean early in World War II.
• Robert P. JoyceAmerican diplomat stationed in Havana who befriended Hemingway and facilitated his intelligence work on land and at sea during 1942 and 1943.
• Chiang Kai-shekNationalist leader of China during World War II who fought both the Japanese and the communists. He met with Hemingway and Gellhorn in 1941.
• Ivan KashkinSoviet literary figure who played an important role in translating Hemingways works into Russian and introducing them to Soviet readers.
• Arthur KoestlerHungarian-born journalist and writer who collaborated with Willi Mnzenberg in Spain, then turned against communism and wrote the anti-Stalinist classic Darkness at Noon.
• Charles T. Buck LanhamU.S. Army officer who forged a bond with Hemingway on the battlefield in 1944 and became one of his closest friends. They corresponded regularly after the war.
• Mary Pete Lanhamthe wife of Charles T. Lanham.
• John Howard LawsonHollywood screenwriter and dogmatic communist who refused to answer questions about party affiliation for the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947.
• R. G. LeddyFBI special agent stationed at the American Embassy in Havana during World War II.
• Archibald MacLeishprominent American poet and writer who worked with Hemingway and Ivens on their film about the Spanish Civil War; appointed librarian of Congress by FDR.
• S. L. A. MarshallAmerican military historian who was with Hemingway during the liberation of Paris in 1944.
• Andr MartyFrench communist who became a senior commissar in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War and achieved notoriety for ordering the arrest and execution of many soldiers suspected of disloyalty.
• Herbert L. MatthewsNew York Times journalist who befriended Hemingway in Spain and went on to cover Fidel Castros rise to power in Cuba, writing a groundbreaking series of articles about Castro and his movement.
• Joseph R. McCarthy