Benoit Leclerc (Editor) - Big Data

Big Data

The internet has launched the world into an era into which enormous amounts of data are generated every day through technologies with both positive and negative consequences. This often refers to big data.

This book explores big data in organisations operating in the criminology and criminal justice fields.

Big data entails a major disruption in the ways we think about and do things, which certainly applies to most organisations including those operating in the criminology and criminal justice fields. Big data is currently disrupting processes in most organisations how different organisations collaborate with one another, how organisations develop products or services, how organisations can identify, recruit, and evaluate talent, how organisations can make better decisions based on empirical evidence rather than intuition, and how organisations can quickly implement any transformation plan, to name a few.

All these processes are important to tap into, but two underlying processes are critical to establish a foundation that will permit organisations to flourish and thrive in the era of big data creating a culture more receptive to big data and implementing a systematic data analytics-driven process within the organisation.

Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars in criminology, criminal justice, sociology, and cultural studies but also to government agencies, corporate and non-corporate organisations, or virtually any other institution impacted by big data.

Benoit Leclerc is an Associate Professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. His research interests include the development and application of procedural analysis (i.e., crime scripting) for purposes of crime investigation, detection, and prevention. He is leading several research projects with corrections and police organisations. With Clifford Shearing and Ross Homel, he is the cofounding editor of Criminology at the Edge, an annual edited volume series in criminology (Routledge). Recent publications appeared in Criminal Justice and Behavior, Crime & Delinquency, the Journal ofResearch in Crime, and Delinquency and Sexual Abuse.

Jesse Cale is an Associate Professor of Criminology in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Griffith University and an Adjunct Associate Professor in the School of Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales in Australia. His main areas of research involve the causes and consequences of sexual violence, developmental criminology, and criminal justice policy and evaluation. He is a chief investigator on several large-scale research grants in Australia funded by the Australian Research Council and different state governments and agencies examining the development of delinquency and criminal offending and the effectiveness of criminal justice policy responses to crime.

Criminology at the Edge

Benoit Leclerc

Ross Homel

Clifford Shearing

Griffith University, Australia

Over the last few decades, criminology has become known for its rigorous research methods and innovative analyses as well as for the development and testing of traditional and new theories. Criminology, as a science, has become known for its empirical-based theorizing and its dedication to enable this knowledge to contribute effectively to realizing the goal of creating safe and just societies. This interdisciplinary series explores innovative developments and imagined futures within criminology.

The objective of this series is to expand the boundaries of criminology and facilitate, encourage and disseminate the fruits of a thorough and meticulous discussions of the most important emerging

trends within criminology. Innovative criminologists will be encouraged to take risks as they imagine a criminology for the 21st Century, and to think outside existing criminological boxes.

The Future of Rational Choice for Crime PreventionEdited by Danielle M. Reynald and Benoit LeclercCriminology and the Anthropocene

Edited by Cameron Holley and Clifford ShearingBig Data

Edited by Benoit Leclerc and Jesse Cale

For more information about this series, please visit:

www.routledge.com/Criminology-at-the-Edge/book-series/CATE

Big Data

Edited by Benoit Leclerc and Jesse Cale

First published 2020

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2020 selection and editorial matter, Benoit Leclerc and Jesse Cale individual chapters, the contributors

The right of Benoit Leclerc and Jesse Cale to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: LeClerc, Benoit, editor.

Title: Big data / Benoit Leclerc and Jesse Cale.

Description: Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Criminology at the edge | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2019048736 | ISBN 9781138492783 (hbk) | ISBN

9781351029704 (ebk)

Subjects: LCSH: CriminologyData processing. | Big data.

Classification: LCC HV6025.B527 2020 | DDC 364.0285/57dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019048736

ISBN: 978-1-138-49278-3 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-351-02970-4 (ebk)

Typeset in Times New Roman

by Apex CoVantage, LLC

Such a creative journey would not have been possible without the lovesof my life, Alba, Laetitia, and Maia.

Benoit

For my two loves, Stacy and Parker.

Jesse

Contents

List of contributors

Foreword

1 Big data in criminology and criminal justice throughthe lens of the business literature

JESSE CALE, BENOIT LECLERC, AND FRANCIS GIL

2 The data are everywhere: integrating criminology andepidemiology and improving criminal justice

MATT DELISI

3 Big data and criminology from an AI perspective CHARLOTTE GERRITSEN

4 Future applications of big data in environmentalcriminology

MOHAMMAD TAYEBI, UWE GLSSER, AND MARTIN A. ANDRESEN

5 Leveraging police incident data for intelligence-ledpolicing

DAVID B. SKILLICORN, CHRISTIAN LEUPRECHT, AND ALEXANDRA GREEN

6 The challenges and concerns of using big data tounderstand cybercrime

JIN REE LEE AND THOMAS J. HOLT