STATE BEHAVIOR AND THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION REGIME
SERIES EDITORS
William W. Keller
Professor of International Affairs, Center for International Trade and Security, University of Georgia
Scott A. Jones
Director of Export Control Programs, Center for International Trade and Security, University of Georgia
SERIES ADVISORY BOARD
Pauline H. Baker
The Fund for Peace
Eliot Cohen
Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University
Eric Einhorn
Center for Public Policy and Administration, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
John J. Hamre
The Center for Strategic and International Studies
Josef Joffe
Hoover Institution, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
Lawrence J. Korb
Center for American Progress
William J. Long
Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, Georgia Institute of Technology
Jessica Tuchman Mathews
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Scott D. Sagan
Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University
Lawrence Scheinman
Monterey Institute of International Studies, CNS-WDC
David Shambaugh
The Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University
Jessica Stern
FXB Center, Harvard School of Public Health
STATE BEHAVIOR AND THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION REGIME
Edited by Jeffrey R. Fields
2014 by the University of Georgia Press
Athens, Georgia 30602
www.ugapress.org
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
State behavior and the nuclear nonproliferation regime / edited by Jeffrey R. Fields.
pages cm. (Studies in security and international affairs)
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 9780-82034729-5 (hardcover) ISBN 08203-47299 (hardcover) 1. Nuclear nonproliferationInternational cooperation. 2. Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968) I. Fields, Jeffrey R.
JZ5675.S75 2014
327.1747dc23
2014015865
ISBN for digital edition: 9780-82034788-2
British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data available
publication of the proliferation
is made possible via grant by
Figure Foundation
CONTENTS
Jeffrey R. Fields
Jason Enia
Nina Srinivasan Rathbun
Maria Rost Rublee
Jeffrey W. Knopf
Lowell H. Schwartz
Deepti Choubey
Robert J. Reardon
Arturo C. Sotomayor
Jim Walsh
Jeffrey R. Fields
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
It has been quite satisfying to be a part of this volume, working in partnership with scholars, researchers, and practitioners on the very important topic of nuclear nonproliferation, and I am grateful to a number of people. The idea for this project was due in large part to the thinking of my friend and colleague Edward Lacey, deputy director of Policy Planning at the State Department. While working at State, I frequently had informal discussions with Ed on any number of topics, and the direction of this book emanated from one of those conversations. Then acting assistant secretary of state Vann Van Diepen played a similar role in a casual conversation about forward-looking projects I might undertake in motivating me to include a chapter on the Non-Aligned Movement.
All of the essays here began their lives at a workshop I held at the University of California, San Diego in March 2011, and I am indebted to the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation there for providing space for us and for their overall support. Particular thanks goes out to Laura Martin and Sara Sheffer for their help with the logistics. All of the participants of the workshop provided helpful comments and suggestions to improve and move the project forward. In particular I would like to thank Robert English and Scott Sagan for their thoughtful comments as discussants.
In the long road to publication, versions of two of the essays here appeared in the journals Nonproliferation Review and International Security, further indicating the salience and timeliness of this book, and we thank those publishers for allowing us to include versions here. I would also like to thank for help along the way Jonathan Snider, Meena Singelee, Jack Boureston, Sara Kutches-fahani, Tim McCarthy, Zachary Zwald, Stephanie Young, Rebecca Loewenstein, Geoffrey Wiseman, Rebecca Gibbons, and Patrick James. The authors workshop was made possible with funding from the U.S. Department of Defense, where I worked during the early stages of this project. The views here are my and the authors own opinions and do not represent those of the Department of Defense or the U.S. government. My final thanks and appreciation go to the authors here who worked hard and stuck with this project through many ups and downs along the way to publication.
Jeffrey R. Fields
Los Angeles
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
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ABACC | Argentine-Brazilian Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials |
ABM | anti-ballistic missile |
AP | Additional Protocol |
BWC | Biological Weapons Convention |
CANFWZ | Central Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone |
CBW | chemical and biological weapons |
CD | Conference on Disarmament |
CNEN | National Nuclear Energy Commission |
CPPNM | Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material |
CSA | Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement |
CTBT | Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty |
CTBTO | Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty Organization |
DTRA-ASCO | Defense Threat Reduction Agency/Advanced Systems Concepts Office |
ENR | enrichment and reprocessing |
EU-3 | United Kingdom, France, and Germany |
FMCT | |