Francesco Calogero - Verification: Monitoring Disarmament

Verification
Monitoring Disarmament

A Pugwash Monograph

Monitoring Disarmament

EDITED BY
Francesco Calogero,
Marvin L. Goldberger,
and Sergei P. Kapitza

First published 1991 by Westview Press

Published 2018 by Routledge
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Copyright 1991 by Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Verification: monitoring disarmament / edited by Francesco Calogero,
Marvin L. Goldberger & Sergei P. Kapitza.
p. cm.
At head of title: Pugwash Conferences on Science and World
Affairs.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8133-0965-4
1. Nuclear disarmament. 2. Nuclear arms controlVerification.
I. Calogero, F. II. Goldberger, Marvin L. III. Kapitsa, Sergei
Petrovich. IV. Pugwash Conferences on Science & World Affairs.
JX1974.7.V39 1990
327.1'74'028dc20
90-47954
CIP

ISBN 13: 978-0-367-21299-5 (hbk)

The idea of a project aimed at producing a book with chapters co-authored by individuals from East and West was conceived at the end of the 1987 Annual Pugwash Conference (Gmunden, Austria, 1-6 September 1987). Martin Kaplan, then Secretary General of Pugwash, immediately supported the idea and suggested "verification" as the most appropriate topic. A plan of the book, a list of prospective authors, and a request for financial support were then put quickly together, with the help of John Holdren and Catherine Kelleher, who have played a key role as advisors throughout this project. Most of the authors then met in May 1988 in New York, in September 1988 in Moscow and in December 1988 in London; the task to produce final agreed texts was then turned over to the coauthors of each chapter. Although all authors profited from the interactions provided by the meetings of the entire group, it is understood that each author is responsible solely for the chapter he/she signs; this applies as well to the editors. And of course all authors and editors contribute in their personal capacity; any mention of the institutions with which they have been or are associated is reported merely for the purpose of identification.

Since this project was conceived, the global political situation has greatly changed. In particular East-West contacts have become much easier. But to produce agreed texts remains a nontrivial achievement; indeed in some cases it has been made quite difficult by the avalanche of commitments that have crowded the schedules of some of the authors of this book, precisely due to the latest political developments and their role in them. Moreover the time of completion of the whole book has, of course, been set by the chapter handed in last. Nevertheless, as the reader may verify, most of the material of this book remains up to date; largely because of its lasting character; but also, in part, due to the unfortunate fact that progress in arms control and disarmament so far has not been as rapid and dramatic as the political developments might have warranted. A case that stands out in this respect is the chapter on conventional forces--there indeed the pace of political change in Europe, as well as arms control developments (including unilateral arms reductions and breakthroughs on verification issues), have challenged the authors to deal with a fast moving target--but they have managed to cope.

Only a summary is printed below of treaty. The reason for this is that the version of this chapter that was drafted turned out to be much more technical, more detailed and more extended than any of the other chapters; moreover some details had still to be ironed out among the coauthors well after all other chapters had been completed. For these reasons we regrettably had to omit the complete version of this chapter from the English version of the book. We expect that the complete agreed text will appear soon in English as a journal article; and it might perhaps be included in the Russian version of this book. Comments on this chapter, as well as on all other chapters, are in any case included in the last chapter of this book.

All chapters were prepared specifically for this book, except on the verification of conventional reductions has been distributed as an occasional paper by the American Pugwash Committee through the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

The book is published in English by Westview Press and in Russian by Mir. The camera-ready copy of this English version has been produced by Andrea Belloni and by Stefano Leonardi, both of them working in the Rome Pugwash Office as "conscientious objectors". They deserve our thanks; as does Marco De Andreis, for his help in proofing the camera-ready copy and especially in preparing the index. The Russian version has been translated in Moscow by Mir, under the supervision of Ms. Valentina Samsonova, whom we also wish to thank for her cooperation in the whole project.

Last but not least, we wish to thank the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation of New York for providing the financial support to the English version of this book which has made this project possible, the Peace Fund of the Soviet Union for support of the Russian version, as well as the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) of Italy for the financial support provided to the Pugwash Office in Rome, where the final editing of the book has been done and the camera-ready copy produced.

F. Calogero, M. L. Goldberger, S.P. Kapilza