Edward Mogire - Victims as Security Threats: Refugee Impact on Host State Security in Africa

Series Editor: Professor Nana K. Poku, John Ferguson Professor, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford, UK

Globalisation is changing the world dramatically, and a very public debate is taking place about the form, extent and significance of these changes. At the centre of this debate lie conflicting claims about the forces and processes shaping security. As a result, notions of inequality, poverty and the cultural realm of identity politics have all surfaced along side terrorism, environmental changes and bio-medical weapons as essential features of the contemporary global political landscape. In this sense, the debate on globalisation calls for a fundamental shift from a status quo political reality to one that dislodges states as the primary referent, and instead sees states as a means and not the end to various security issues, ranging from individual security to international terrorism. More importantly, centred at the cognitive stage of thought, it is also a move towards conceiving the concept of insecurity in terms of change.

The series attempts to address this imbalance by encouraging a robust and multi-disciplinary assessment of the asymmetrical nature of globalisation. Scholarship is sought from areas such as: global governance, poverty and insecurity, development, civil society, religion, terrorism and globalisation.

Africas New Peace and Security Architecture
Promoting Norms, Institutionalizing Solutions
Edited by Ulf Engel and J. Gomes Porto
ISBN 978-0-7546-7605-8 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-7546-7606-5 (pbk)

Foreign Interventions in Ethnic Conflicts
Robert Nalbandov
ISBN 978-0-7546-7862-5

Cocaine Trafficking in Latin America
EU and US Policy Responses
Sayaka Fukumi
ISBN 978-0-7546-7043-8

A Decade of Human Security
Global Governance and New Multilateralisms
Edited by Sandra J. MacLean, David R. Black and Timothy M. Shaw
ISBN 978-0-7546-4773-7

Refugee Impact on Host State Security in Africa

EDWARD MOGIRE
Kingston University, UK

First published 2011 by Ashgate Publishing

Published 2016 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Copyright 2011 Edward Mogire

Edward Mogire has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the author of this work.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.

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Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Mogire, Edward.

Victims as security threats : refugee impact on host state security in Africa. -- (Global security in a changing world)

1. Refugees--Kenya. 2. Refugees--Tanzania. 3. National security--Kenya. 4. National security--Tanzania. 5. Militarism--Kenya. 6. Militarism--Tanzania. 7. Alien criminals--Kenya. 8. Alien criminals--Tanzania. 9. Kenya--Ethnic relations. 10. Tanzania--Ethnic relations.

I. Title II. Series

303.6086914096762-dc22

Mogire, Edward O.

Victims as security threats : refugee impact on host state security in Africa / Edward Mogire.

p. cm. -- (Global security in a changing world)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-7546-7820-5 (hardback) -- ISBN 978-0-7546-9612-4 (ebook) 1. Refugees--Africa, Sub-Saharan. 2. National security--Africa, Sub-Saharan. I. Title. II. Series.

HV640.5.A3M64 2011

355.033067--dc22

2010048798

ISBN 9780754678205 (hbk)

Africa

Kenya

Tanzania

I wish to extend my gratitude to various people and organisations for their assistance in the preparation of this volume. My sincere gratitude to my family: my wife Dr Constantina Vloachou and daughters Nyambori, Nyambeki and Mokeira, for their love, patience and moral support. I would also like to thank Professor John OKumu and the Centre for Refugee Studies through which I received Ford Foundation Scholarship to pursue higher education; Dr Khoti Kamanga and the staff at the Centre for the Study of Forced Migration (CSFM), University of Dar es Salaam for their help in arranging for the necessary research permits and making their archives available to me; and UNHCR field officials as well Kenyan and Tanzanian government officials for facilitating my fieldwork upon which this volume is based. I am also indebted to Professor Paul Rogers and Dr Janet Bujra of the University of Bradford for their intellectual encouragement. Last but not least, I would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and advice on an earlier draft of this volume, my editor for her patience and support and the many refugees and their hosts whom I interviewed and interacted with in the course of writing this volume.