Wendy Laverick - Global Injustice and Crime Control

This work is essential reading for students and practitioners who seek an understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of international crime and law enforcement.

Peter Joyce, Department of Sociology, Manchester Metropolitan

University, UK

This book tackles vital issues to do with globalization, crime, terrorism and insecurity. Students will find a wealth of understanding concerning the injustice of global crime control as currently practiced. Wendy Lavericks treatment of these complex issues and themes is clearly formulated and convincing.

James Sheptycki, Professor of Criminology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, Canada

Global Injustice and Crime Control

Global Injustice and Crime Control places cross-border, cross-national and international crime and crime control within its wider context. It examines theory from a range of disciplines and introduces students to the frequently neglected area of the world order and world politics, in an effort to direct attention to the links between events, power, ideas, institutions, policies, actions and counter-actions at the international and domestic level.

In an increasingly interconnected and interdependent world, the various dimensions of globalisation play a pivotal role in issues of crime and criminal justice in the 21st century. This interdisciplinary textbook offers a critical treatment of the development and recent acceleration of national, regional and international efforts at cross-border crime control and law enforcement. The book not only places cross-national and international efforts by police, courts, regional and international agencies within their historical context, but also focuses on elucidating leading theoretical perspectives from within globalisation literature, criminology and international relations to shed light upon both sides of this phenomenon.

Areas covered include:

cross-border crime and security,

state crime and corruption,

international responses to genocide,

terrorism and counter-terrorism,

organised crime.

This book will be perfect reading for modules in transnational crime and justice and will be of interest to students in criminology, policing, public policy and international relations.

Wendy Laverick is Senior Lecturer in Criminology at Manchester Metropolitan University, UK.

Global Issues in Crime and Justice

1 Women, Crime and Criminal Justice

A global enquiry

Rosemary Barberet

2 Global Human Trafficking

Critical issues and contexts

Edited by Molly Dragiewicz

3 Critical Issues on Violence against Women

International perspectives and promising strategies

Edited by Holly Johnson, Bonnie S. Fisher and Vronique Jaquier

4 Global Injustice and Crime Control

Wendy Laverick

5 Crimes of the Powerful

An introduction

Dawn L. Rothe and David Kauzlarich

Global Injustice and Crime Control

Wendy Laverick

First published 2016

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

2016 Wendy Laverick

The right of Wendy Laverick to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Laverick, Wendy, author.

Global injustice and crime control / Wendy Laverick.

pages cm. -- (Global issues in crime and justice ; 4)

1. Transnational crime. 2. International crimes. 3. Crime prevention. 4. Law enforcement. 5. International security. 6. Criminal justice, Administration of. I. Title.

HV6252.L39 2016

364.135--dc23

2015030587

ISBN: 978-0-415-69745-3 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-415-69746-0 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-1-315-73943-4 (ebk)

To be sure, dialogue is a difficult art. It means engaging in conversation with the intention of jointly clarifying the issues, rather than having ones own way; of multiplying voices rather than reducing their number; of widening the set of possibilities, rather than aiming at a wholesale consensus (that relic of monotheistic dreams stripped of politically incorrect coercion); of jointly pursuing understanding, instead of aiming at the others defeat; and all in all being animated by the wish to keep the conversation going, rather than by a desire to grind it to a halt.

(Bauman, 2011: 172)

At the time of writing, at the end of June 2015, media sources report that the radical Islamist group, Islamic State (IS), continue to capture territory within Syria and Iraq generating fear and outrage across the globe. In the wake of multiple beheadings, mass killings and the kidnap and recruitment of children, IS members are reportedly transcending state boundaries in an effort to create a caliphate (a state ruled by the Islamic States strict interpretation of Islamic Law), also aspiring to free Palestine. In this endeavour, utilising the internet and social media to communicate their objectives internationally, fighters are being recruited from Western and non-Western states alike.

Regional and international security concerns have also recently been raised regarding ever increasing swathes of migrants reaching the shores of Europe, following the collapse of the Libyan government which has resulted in economic migrants from Libya and other countries, including Mali, Nigeria, Eritrea and Syria seeking to enter Italy, which is viewed as a gateway into Europe. News reports have predicted a figure reaching over 36,000 migrants between January and June 2015, with record numbers also drowning in the Mediterranean at the hands of what are described as ruthless trafficking networks and criminal gangs.

Meanwhile, states remain committed to enacting financial recovery plans instigated by the global economic crisis of 20089. Greece in particular has received a great deal of media coverage, gaining notoriety resulting from the unprecedented situation of potentially becoming the first developed nation to default on its international obligations to the IMF and European Central Bank.

Aside from international terrorism, illegal migration and global economic crises, the transmission of new and emerging infectious diseases has also gained significant news coverage within the past year, with aid workers and volunteers grappling with the Ebola crisis in West Africa, a disease which has killed in excess of ten thousand people over the past year, with most deaths located in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. The pervasiveness of corruption has also featured within the media spotlight, highlighting the increasing resolve of the United States of America in driving forward anti-corruption measures internationally as the FBI investigation expands into the global sporting arena with the Fifa scandal exposing bribery and vote trading affecting the World Cup bid process. In June 2015, the Global Drug Survey revealed that more people started buying drugs online in 2014 than ever before, with other sources focusing upon the Darknet and cybercrime as national, regional and international security threats, implicated as facilitators for organised crime, international terrorism and cyber-espionage.