Frank Johnson Goodnow - Politics and Administration: A Study in Government

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Politics and
Administration

A Study in Government

Politics and
Administration

Frank J. Goodnow

With a new introduction by John A. Rohr

Originally published in 1900 by Macmillan.

Published 2003 by Transaction Publishers

Published 2017 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

New material this edition copyright 2003 by Taylor & Francis.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Catalog Number: 2002073267

Goodnow, Frank Johnson, 1859-1939.

Politics and administration : a study in government / Frank J. Goodnow ; with a new introduction by John A. Rohr.

p. cm.(Library of liberal thought)

Originally published: New York ; London : Macmillan, 1900.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: 978-0-7658-0512-6 (pbk.: alk. paper)

1. United StatesPolitics and government. 2. Political par States. I. Title. II. Series.

JK31 .G66 2003

320.973dc21

2002073267

ISBN 13: 978-07658-0512-6 (pbk)

Library of Liberal Thought

Esthetic

Benedetto Croce

translated by Douglas Ainslie

Changing Disciplines

John A. Ryle

Congressional Government

Woodrow Wilson

with a new introduction by William F. Connelly, Jr.

Constitutional Government in the United States

Woodrow Wilson

with a new introduction by Sidney A. Pearson, Jr.

The Correspondence of John Stuart Mill and Auguste Comte

Oscar A. Haac, editor

Dominations and Powers

George Santayana

Henry Adams

Elizabeth Stevenson

New Deal Days: 1933-1934

Eli Ginzberg

Peace and War

Robert A. Rubinstein and Mary LeCron Foster, editors

Politics and Administration

Frank J. Goodnow

with a new introduction by John A. Rohr

Politics and Religious Consciousness in America

George Armstrong Kelly

Quest for Equality in Freedom

Francis M. Wilhoit

Thomas Jefferson

Max Lerner

Tocqueville and American Civilization

Max Lerner

Toward a New Enlightenment

Paul Kurtz

The Transatlantic Persuasion

Robert Kelley

True Tolerance

Jay Budziszewski

The Voegelinian Revolution

Ellis Sandoz

with a new introduction and epilogue by the author

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Most writers treat merely of formal governmental system

This method of treatment misleading

Method of electing United States President not the way provided by the Constitution

Political customs important

Administrative system should be studied

If extra-legal institutions are considered, governmental systems are found to be similar

Distinction of the expression from the execution of the state will

The basis of the principle of the separation of powers

Adoption of the principle in United States

Principle is unworkable

Exceptions to it

Differentiation of primary functions

Politics and Administration

Meaning of "Politics"

Meaning of "Administration"

Necessity of harmony between making and enforcement of law

Executing authority must be subordinated to law-making authority

Political controlmay develop extra-legally

Function of politics has to do with the function of executing state will

Influence of extra-legal forces

Party system in United States

Election laws

Ballot laws

Legal recognition of party

Methods of expressing state will

Control of politics over administration

Proper extent of this control

Result oftoo great extent

Limitations of this control

Independence of judicial authorities

Independence of local administrative authorities

Summary of argument

States based on federal idea

Central and local competence

Effect of local self-government

Effect of administrative centralization

Approach of the two systems

Tendency in England and United States

Tendency on the Continent

Ineffectiveness of constitutional prohibition of special legislation in United States

Experiment in Missouri

Influence of party system in United States

Continental methods of securing local autonomy

English methods

Advantages of administrative centralization

Administration of justice

Administration of government

Quasi judicial powers

Execution of the law

Maintenance of organization

Political control over administration

Should be extended to execution of law

But not to other parts of administration

Evils of its extension

Separation of politics and administration

Position of judicial officers

Same position should be given to administrative officers

Permanence of executive officers

Conditions in Switzerland

Permanence of executive officers incompatible with popular government

Administrative officers should be permanent

Two kinds of administrative systems

Decentralized administrative system

Makes administrative officers political

American administrative system

A development of the English system

Absence of central supervision

Powers of legislature

Failure of legislative control

As to prohibition laws

Party had to assume control

Party had to be strong

Rotation in office

Led to "spoils system"

Faults of the system

Centralization of national administration

Made administrative officers non-political

Resulted in taking them out of politics

Origin of Civil Service Reform

Centralization of state administration

Came first in municipal government

But afterwards in state government

And results in taking administrative officers out of politics

Civil Service Reform preceded by centralization

Dangers of centralization

Obviated by taking administration out of politics

Work of party depends on form of government

Work of party great where administration is decentralized

Dangers of a too extended political control

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