Kourosh Ahmadi - Islands and International Politics in the Persian Gulf: The Abu Musa and Tunbs in Strategic Context

Acknowledgements

In carrying out this research, I have profited from the assistance and counsel of many individuals whose services no words of appreciation can adequately measure. Especial acknowledgement is due to Dr Hossein Mousavian, the former Deputy-Director for International Studies, the Center for Strategic Research, whose enthusiastic interest in the project contributed greatly to its realization.

I owe a debt of gratitude to Professor Djamshid Momtaz, who patiently read the manuscript and provided me with his valuable specialist knowledge and advice at all times.

Also, I am grateful to Anoushirvan Ehteshami, the editor of the Durham Modern Middle East and Islamic World Series, and to the editors with whom I have worked during the preparation of the book - Peter Sowden, Tom Bates, Suzanne Peake, Andrew R. Davidson and Emma Davis. Their patience, professional skill and ability to provide expert viewpoints have been a vital asset in publishing this book.

I should not let this opportunity go without expressing my gratitude to my wife, Dr Tahereh Miremadi, for advice and encouragement. Nonetheless, the usual caveat applies that any remaining errors are solely my own responsibility.

Kourosh Ahmadi

Bibliography

Documents

Lower Gulf Islands: Abu Musa and the Tunbs, Vols 1 and 2, edited by P. L. Toyes, Arabian Geopolitics 2, Regional Documentary Studies, ed. Richard Schofield, Archive Editions, Slough, 1993.

Foreign Relations of the United States, 19641968; Vol. XX: the Near East Region; Arabian Peninsula (FRUS 1964-68 XX), edited by N. D. Howland, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Gozideh-e Asnad-e Khaleej Fars, (Selected Persian Gulf Documents), Institute for International and Political Studies (IIPS), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tehran, 1989.

Iran Political Diaries, 1881-1965, Vols 1-14, edited by R. M. Burrell, Archive Editions, Slough, 1997.

Islands and Maritime Boundaries of the Gulf, 1798-1935, Vols I-V, edited by Richard Schofield, Archive Editions, Slough, 1990.

The Persian Gulf Historical Summaries, 1907-1953; Vols I-V (PG 13), Archive Editions, Gerrards Cross, 1987.

Political Diaries of the Persian Gulf, edited by Archive Editions and R. Jarman, Archive Editions, Slough, 1990.

United Nations Security Council and General Assembly documents.

Books and articles

Abdulghani, Jasim M., Iraq and Iran: The Years of Crisis, Johna Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1984.

Ahmirahmadi, Hooshang, Small Islands, Big Politics, St. Martins Press, New York,

1996.

Amirahmadi, Hooshang, and Entessar, Nader (eds), Reconstruction and Regional Diplomacy in the Persian Gulf, Routledge, London, 1992.

Alam, Asadollah, The Shah and I: The Confidential Diary of Irans Royal Court Minister, 1969-1977, ed. Alinaghi Alikani, I. B. Taurus, London, 1991.

Ali, Omar, Crisis in the Arabian Gulf: An Independent Iraqi View, Praeger, Westport, CT,

1993.

Anthony, John Duke, Arab States of the Lower Gulf: People, Politics, Petroleum, Middle East Institute, Washington, DC, 1975.

Balfour-Paul, Glen, The End of Empire in the Middle East: Britains Relinquishment of Power in Her Last Three Years, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.

Banuazizi, Ali, and Weiner, Myron (eds), The State, Religion, and Ethnic Politics: Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 1986.

Bulloch, John, The Persian Gulf Unveiled, Congdom & Weed, London, 1884.

Bulloch, John, and Morris, Harvey, Saddams War, Faber & Faber, London, 1991.

Childs, David, Britain since 1945: A Political History, Ernest Benn, London, 1979.

Chubin, Shahram, Security in the Persian Gulf; The Role of Outside Powers, IISS, Gower Publishing, Montclair, NJ, 1980.

Chubin, Shahram, and Tripp, Charles. Iran and Iraq at War. Westview Press, Boulder, CO,

1988.

Chubin, Shahram, and Zabih, S., The Foreign Relations of Iran, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1974.

Cooper Busch, Briton, Britain and the Persian Gulf, 1894-1914, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1967.

Cordesman, Anthony H., Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and the UAE: Challenges of Security, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1997.

Cordesman, Anthony H., The Gulf and the Search for Strategic Stability, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1984.

Cordesman, Anthony H., The Iran-Iraq War and Western Security, 1984-87: Strategic Implications and Policy Options, Janes, London, 1987.

Cordesman, Anthony H., US Forces in the Middle East. Westview Press, Boulder, CO,

1997.

Cordesman, Anthony H., and Wagner, Abraham R. The Lessons of Modern War: The Gulf War, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1996.

Cottrell, Alvin J., Irans Armed Forces under the Pahlavi Dynasty, in Lenczowski, George (ed.), Iran under the Pahlavis, Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 1978.

Crabb, Cecil V., Jr, The Doctrines of American Foreign Policy, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1982.

Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Vols. I-IV, Frank Cass, London, 1966.

Ehteshami, Anoush, Nonneman, Gerd, and Tripp, Charles, War and Peace in the Gulf: Domestic Politics and Regional Relations into the 1990s, Ithaca Press, Reading, 1991.

El-Azhary, M. S. (ed.), Iran-Iraq War: A Historical, Economic and Political Analysis, Indian edition, D. K. Agencies, 1984.

El-Issa, Shimlan, The Dispute between the UAE and Iran over Three Islands, in Haseeb, Khair El-din (ed.), Arab-Iranian Relations, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut,

1998.

Elm, Mostafa, Oil, Power and Principle: Irans Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath, Syracuse University Press, NY, 1992.

Geran Landen, Robert, Oman since 1856: Disruptive Modernization in a Traditional Arab Society, Princeton University Press, NJ, 1967.

Haseeb, Khair El-Din (ed.), Arab-Iranian Relations, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 1998.

Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, George Allen & Unwin, London, 1970.

Hiro, Dilip, The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict, Routledge, New York, 1991.

Holiday, Fred, The Gulf in International Affairs: Independence and After, in Pridham, B. R., The Arab Gulf and the Arab World, Center for Arab Gulf Studies, Croom Helm, London, 1988.

Hurd, Douglas, An End to Promises: Sketch of a Government, 1970-1974, Collins, London, 1970.

International Institute for Strategic Studies, Strategic Survey 1971, IISS, London, 1971.

Ismael, Tareq Y, Iraq and Iran: Roots of Conflict, Syracuse University Press, NY, 1982.

Kashani-sabet, Firouzeh, Frontier Fictions: Shaping the Iranian Nation, 1904-1946, Princeton University Press, NJ, 1999.

Kelly, J. B., Arabia, the Gulf, and the West, Basic Books, New York, 1980.

Kelly, J. B., Britain and the Persian Gulf, 1795-1880, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1968.

Kemp, Geoffrey and Harkavy, Robert E., Strategic Geography and the Changing Middle East, Carnegie Endowment/Brookings, Washington, DC, 1997.

Keshishian, Joseph, Iran, Iraq and the Arab Gulf States, Palgrave, New York, 2001.

Kodmani, Bassm (ed.), Quelle Securite pour le Golfe?, Institut Franjais des Relations Internationales, Paris, 1984.

Lorimer, J. G. Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman, and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, Calcutta, 1915.

Marschall, Christin, Irans Persian Gulf Policy: From Khomeini to Khatami, Routledge-Curzon, London, 2003.

Martin, Vanessa (ed.), Anglo-Iranian Relations since 1800, Routledge, London, 2005.

Mehr, Farhang, A Colonial Legacy: The Dispute over the Islands of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs, University Press of America, New York, 1997.

Mojtahed-zadeh, Pirouz, The Small Players of the Great Game: The Settlement of Irans Eastern Borderlands and the Creation of Afghanistan, Routledge, London, 2004.