John A. Kirk - Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr

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PROFILES IN POWER

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LLOYD GEORGE
Martin Pugh

HITLER
Ian Kershaw

RICHELIEU
R. J. Knecht

NAPOLEON III
James McMillan

OLIVER CROMWELL
Barry Coward

NASSER
Peter Woodward

GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS
(2nd edn)
Michael Roberts

CHURCHILL
Keith Robbins

DE GAULLE
Andrew Shennan

FRANCO
Sheelagh Ellwood

JUREZ
Brian Hamnett

ALEXANDER I
Janet M. Hartley

MACMILLAN
John Turner

JOSEPH II
T. C. W. Blanning

ATATRK
A. L. Macfie

PETER THE GREAT
(2nd end)
M. S. Anderson

FRANCIS JOSEPH
Stephen Beller

NAPOLEON
Geoffrey Ellis

KENNEDY
Hugh Brogan

ATTLEE
Robert Pearce

PTAIN
Nicholas Atkin

THE ELDER PITT
Marie Peters

CATHERINE DE MEDICI
R. J. Knecht

GORBACHEV
Martin McCauley

JAMES VI AND I
Roger Lockyer

ELIZABETH I (2nd edn)
Christopher Haigh

MAO
S. G. Breslin

BURGHLEY
Michael A. R. Graves

NEHRU
Judith M. Brown

ROBESPIERRE
John Hardman

KAISER WILHELM II
Christopher Clark

TANAKA
David Babb

PORFIRIO DAZ
Paul Garner

CATHERINE THE GREAT
Simon Dixon

ADENAUER
Ronald Irving

GANDHI
David Arnold

JAMES II
W. A. Speck

LINCOLN
Richard J. Cawardine

WOODROW WILSON
John A. Thompson

THE GREAT ELECTOR
Derek Mckay

TALLEYRAND
Philip G. Dwyer

WILLIAM III
A. M. Claydon

IVAN THE TERRIBLE
Andrei Pavlor and Maureen Perrie

HENRY VIII
Michael A. R. Graves

BISMARCK
Katharine Anne Lerman

CAVOUR
Harry Hearder

DISRAELI
Ian Machin

CASTRO (2nd edn)
Sebastian Balfour

MUSSOLINI
Martin Clark

LENIN
Beryl Williams

WILLIAM PENN
Mary Geiter

THE YOUNGER PITT
Michael Duffy

EISENHOWER
Peter G. Boyle

MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr
John Kirk

FERDINAND AND ISABELLA
John Edwards

Martin Luther
King Jr

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John A. Kirk

First published 2005 by Pearson Education Limited

Published 2013 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Copyright 2005, Taylor & Francis.

The right of John A. Kirk to be identified as author
of this work has been asserted by him in accordance
with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

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ISBN 13: 978-0-582-41431-0 (pbk)

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP catalogue record for this book can be obtained from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A CIP catalog record for this book can be obtained from the Library of Congress

Set by 35 in 9.5/12pt Celeste

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My thanks go to a number of people for their help in the writing of this book. Series editor Keith Robbins suggested that I write a study of Martin Luther King Jr and provided patient yet constant encouragement to finish it. Likewise, Heather McCallum at Pearson Education has been very supportive. The staff at the British Library, Humanities 1, kept me efficiently supplied with a constant stream of books over several long hot summers of research. Colleagues in the History Department at Royal Holloway, University of London, provided a friendly and convivial academic environment within which this book was written. One of those colleagues, Rudolf Muhs, another ever-present at the British Library, was there to share pleasant coffee and lunch-break conversations. Dan Stone, hired at the same time as me in the History Department at Royal Holloway, has shared many similar life and career trials, tribulations and celebrations, throughout our friendship. The Institute of Historical Research (IHR) American History seminar has provided an important meeting point and a forum for sharing ideas with fellow London-based Americanists, centred upon a number of papers delivered by visiting speakers. Regulars at the seminar include Melvyn Stokes, Adam Smith, Vivien Miller, John Howard, Mara Keire, Elizabeth Clapp and Arlene Hui. Students who take my final year Martin Luther King Jr and the Civil Rights Movement course challenge me to rethink various aspects of the subject each year and provide an invaluable link between teaching and research. Although I cannot list all of my academic debts here, a number are particularly notable for their longevity of help, support and friendship: Brian Ward, Tony Badger, Richard King, David Chappell, Adam Fairclough, George Lewis, Sylvia Ellis, Jenny Ward, Clive Webb and Philip Clark. I am grateful to Richard King for agreeing to read parts of this manuscript and for his helpful and instructive comments. Underpinning everything I do are my parents and my family. I should not forget to mention my Arkansas family-in-law. Finally, this book is dedicated to my wife, Charlene, with love.

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ABC American Broadcasting Company

ACHR Alabama Council on Human Relations

ACMHR Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights

AFSCME American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees