Philip Guest - Labor Allocation And Rural Development: Migration In Four Javanese Villages

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Labor Allocation and Rural Development

Brown University Studies in Population and Development

Brown University Studies in Population and Development

Published in cooperation with the Population Studies and Training Center

Brown University

Editor

Calvin Goldscheider

Brown University Studies in Population and Development

First published in 1989 by Westview Press

Published in 2021 by Routledge

605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 1989 by Taylor & Francis

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Guest, Michael Philip, 1955

Labor allocation and rural development : migration in four

Javanese villages / by Philip Guest.

p. cm.(Brown University studies in population and development)

Includes index.

ISBN 0-8133-7792-7

1. Rural-urban migrationIndonesiaJavaCase studies. 2. Labor

supplyIndonesiaJavaCase studies. 3. Rural development

IndonesiaJavaCase studies. I. Title. II. Series.

HB2108.J37G84 1989

307.2dcl9

89-5663

CIP

ISBN 13: 978-0-3670-1321-9 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-0-3671-6308-2 (pbk)

DOI: 10.4324/9780429043079

CONTENTS

Foreword, Calvin Goldscheider

Preface

1 Labor Allocation, Migration, and Development

Introduction

Development and Labor Force Transformations

Development and Migration

Linkages between Migration and Labor Allocation

Conclusion

2 Strategies of Labor Allocation

Household and Community Influences on Production

Agrarian Change and Household Production

Demographic Aspects of Labor Allocation

Social Class and Labor Allocation

Overview

3 Labor Allocation and Rural Development in Java

Background

Population Growth on Java

Recent Trends in the Javanese Economy

The Study Site

4 Sample Design and Characteristics

Selection of Villages

Household Sampling

Interviewing

Definition of Major Terms

Sample Characteristics

Conclusion

5 Household Labor Supply and Access to Employment

Demographic Aspects of Labor Allocation

Sectoral Allocation of Labor

Production Aspects of Labor Allocation

Sectoral Participation

Conclusion

6 Migration --A Demographic and Production Response

Characteristics of Migrants

Labor Allocated through Migration

Simultaneous Strategies of Labor Allocation

Conclusion

7 Research Findings and Implications

Overview of the Research

Summary of Findings

Development and Policy Implications

Directions for Future Research

Bibliography

Index

1. Foreword Page
2. Preface Page
3. 1 Labor Allocation, Migration, and Development
   1. Introduction
   2. Development and Labor Force Transformations
   3. Development and Migration
   4. Linkages between Migration and Labor Allocation
   5. Conclusion
4. 2 Strategies of Labor Allocation
   1. Household and Community Influences on Production
   2. Agrarian Change and Household Production
   3. Demographic Aspects of Labor Allocation
   4. Social Class and Labor Allocation
   5. Overview
5. 3 Labor Allocation and Rural Development in Java
   1. Background
   2. Population Growth on Java
   3. Recent Trends in the Javanese Economy
   4. The Study Site
6. 4 Sample Design and Characteristics
   1. Selection of Villages
   2. Household Sampling
   3. Interviewing
   4. Definition of Major Terms
   5. Sample Characteristics
   6. Conclusion
7. 5 Household Labor Supply and Access to Employment
   1. Demographic Aspects of Labor Allocation
   2. Sectoral Allocation of Labor
   3. Production Aspects of Labor Allocation
   4. Sectoral Participation
   5. Conclusion
8. 6 Migration --A Demographic and Production Response
   1. Characteristics of Migrants
   2. Labor Allocated through Migration
   3. Simultaneous Strategies of Labor Allocation
   4. Conclusion
9. 7 Research Findings and Implications
   1. Overview of the Research
   2. Summary of Findings
   3. Development and Policy Implications
   4. Directions for Future Research
10. Bibliography
11. Index

1. ii
2. iii
3. xix
4. xx
5. xxi
6. xxii
7. xxiii
8. xxiv
9. xxv
10. xxvi

Guide

1. Foreword Page
2. Preface Page
3. Start of Content
4. Bibliography
5. Index

TABLES

3.1

Percentage Distribution of Labor Force by Industrial Sector for Java and Central Java, by Sex and Rural/Urban Residence, 1985

3.2

Intra- and Inter-Provincial Migration Flows for Provinces of Java, Population 5 Years and Older: 1980 to 1985

3.3

Percent of All Households Operating Agricultural Land by Amount of Land: Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Surrounding Kabupaten, Central Java, and Java/Bali, 1980

3.4

Indicators of Agricultural Development by Village

3.5

Primary Occupations of Persons Aged 10 and Over by Village

3.6

Demographic Characteristics of Sampled Villages

3.7

Permanent and Temporary Migration of Entire Households from Sample Villages in the Period 198085

4.1

Age Standardized Distribution of Percentage Population 10 Years and Over by Education, Marital Status, and Relationship to Household Head, by Village and Sex

4.2

Percentage Sample by Activity Status, by Village and Sex

4.3

Percentage Sample by Occupational Sector, Village and Sex

4.4

Percent Distribution of Respondents with More than One Occupation by Primary and Secondary Industry: Village and Sex

4.5

Median Daily Wage Rate of Non-Migrants for Selected Occupational Sectors: by Village, and Employment Status

4.6

Mean Household Size, Number of Persons Aged Over 10, Percent Household Working, Workers Male, and Workers Children, by Village

4.7

Distribution of Age of Household Head, Percent Female Headed Households, Structure of Households, and Household Life Cycle Stage, by Village

4.8

Mean Relative Percentage of Household Labor Allocated by Village

5.1

Mean Hours of Labor Allocated per Household Member in the Labor Force, and Mean Number of Household Members in the Labor Force, by Household Size

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