Dedicated to my parents who lived for others
First published 2022
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2022 Pramod Kumar and Aakar Books
The right of Pramod Kumar to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal,
Bangladesh, Pakistan or Bhutan)
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 9781032150697 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781003242376 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003242376
Typeset in Palatino
by Arpit Printographers, Delhi
Contents
1. Unfolding Challenges of Democracy in India
2. Governance for the Margins: Tensions and Faultlines
3. Governance for the People: Deficient Citizenship?
4. Dalit Identity Architecture: From Selective Adaptation of Cultural Symbols to Nurturing of Exclusive Sites
Concluding Remarks
- 1. Unfolding Challenges of Democracy in India
- 2. Governance for the Margins: Tensions and Faultlines
- 3. Governance for the People: Deficient Citizenship?
- 4. Dalit Identity Architecture: From Selective Adaptation of Cultural Symbols to Nurturing of Exclusive Sites
- Concluding Remarks
Guide
List of Tables
1.1 Effective Number of Parties in Lower House Elections
1.2 Seats Won and Percentage of Votes Polled in Parliament Elections, 19842009
1.4 Political Parties Participated, and Seats Won in Lok Sabha Elections, 1951, 1989, 2009, 2014 and 2019
1.5 Average Number of Candidates per Constituency
1.8A Assembly Elections Result Rajasthan, 2018
1.8B Parliament Elections Assembly Segments-wise Result Rajasthan, 2018
1.9A Assembly Elections Result Madhya Pradesh, 2018
1.9B Parliament Elections Assembly Segments-wise Result Madhya Pradesh, 2018
1.10A Assembly Elections Result Jharkhand, 2019
1.10B Parliament Elections Assembly Segments-wise Result Jharkhand, 2019
1.11A Assembly Elections Result Maharashtra, 2019
1.11B Parliament Elections Assembly Segments-wise Result Maharashtra, 2019
1.12A Assembly Elections Result Delhi, 2020
1.12B Parliament Elections Assembly Segments-wise Result Delhi, 2019
2.1 Department-wise Corruption Index in Punjab
2.2 Department-wise Corruption and Efficiency Ranks in Punjab
2.3 Department-wise Corruption and Inefficiency Ranks in Punjab
2.4 Registration and Charge-Sheeting in India
2.5 Nature of Exchange Between Citizens and Administration
2.6 Ratio of Petty Crimes Over Heinous Crimes in Punjab, 200516
3.1 Deteriorations Perceived in Police
3.2 Reporting Crimes to Police
3.3 Whom Does the Police Serve?
3.4 Ratio of Reported to Unreported Atrocities in Punjab
3.5 Domestic Violence: Existing and Expected Role of Police
3.6 Sexual Violence: Existing and Expected Role of Police
3.7 Issues of SCs: Existing and Expected Role of Police
3.8 Migrants Issues: Existing and Expected Role of Police
3.9 Services Delivered by SAANJH
3.10 Ratio of Petty Crimes Over Heinous Crimes, 200516
3.11 Ratio of Crimes Against Women Over Total Cognizable Crimes, 20052016
3.12 Reduction in Submission of Affidavit
4.1 Perceptions Regarding Cultural Discrimination Among the Punjabi Diaspora Settled in North America
List of Figures, Boxes and Maps
Figures
1.1 Effective Number of Parties in Lower House Elections (India)
1.2 Annual Growth Rate of RSS Shakhas and Activities, 200919
2.1 Engaged Governance Convergence with E-Governance
3.1 Police Organisation and Community-Police Centres (SAANJH Kendras) Structure
3.2 A 3D-imagery of SAANJH Kendra
3.3 Number of Services Delivered by SAANJH
3.4 Facilitation Charges Received by SAANJH
3.5 Victim Compensation Assisted by SAANJH
Boxes
1.1 Federal Transfer System in India
3.1 Evolution of the Model
3.2 Administrative Structure of Community Policing Programme - SAANJH
3.3 Functions of Community Affairs Division (CAD)
3.4 Units of Community Affairs Division
3.5 Units of District SAANJH Kendra
3.6 Functions of Different Units at District, Sub-Division, and Police Station level SAANJH Kendras
3.7 Types of Disputes/Conflicts
3.8 Structure of the District SAANJH Committee
3.9 Members of the District SAANJH Committee
3.10 Units of Sub-Division SAANJH Kendra
3.11 Structure of the Sub-Division SAANJH Committee
3.12 Members of the Sub-Division SAANJH Committee
3.13 Units of Police Station SAANJH Kendra
3.14 Structure of the Police Station SAANJH Committee
3.15 Members of the Police Station SAANJH Committee
Maps
Map 1.1
Map 1.2
Map 1.3
Map 1.4
A & N | Andaman and Nicobar Island |
D & N | Dadra and Nagar Haveli |
J & K | Jammu and Kashmir |
AAP | Aam Aadmi Party |
ACP | Assistant Commissioner of Police |
ADGP | Additional Director General of Police |
AICC | All India Congress Committee |
AIDMK | All India Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |
AIIC (T) | All India Indira Congress (Tiwari) |
AIMPLB | All India Muslim Personal Law Board |
AITC | All India Trinamool Congress |
ANM | Auxiliary Nurse Midwifery |
ASHA | Accredited Social Health Activist |
ASI | Assistant Sub Inspector |
BDO | Block Development Officer |
BJP | Bharatiya Janata Party |
BJS | Bharatiya Jan Sangh |
BLD | Bharatiya Lok Dal |
BPI | Bolshevik Party of India |
BPRD | Bureau of Police Research & Development |
BSP | Bahujan Samaj Party |
CAA | Citizenship (Amendment) Act |
CAD | Community Affairs Division |