Rory MacLellan - The Modern Memory of the Military-religious Orders

This volume examines the pervasive and persistent appropriations of the military orders across a broad chronology and several regions, including Mexico, Brazil, and Greece, areas beyond the traditional focus of prior research in medievalism.

Templars, Hospitallers, and Teutonic Knights, the military orders are among the most iconic aspects of the crusades and several still survive as chivalric honours or charitable organisations. In popular culture, the orders, particularly the Templars, have been the subject of or inspiration for films, books, television, and video games, from Star Wars to The Da Vinci Code and Assassins Creed. In this volume, an overview of the early legacies of the military orders in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is followed by studies of the Templar conspiracy theories of Rosslyn Chapel, the Venerable Order of St Johns creation of a medieval past, the legacy of the Hospitallers in modern Greece, the military orders in nineteenth-century Mexico, and the use of the Knights Templar by the far-right in Bolsonaros Brazil. Ultimately, it expands the scope of the field and indicates further avenues for research.

The Modern Memory of the Military-religious Orders is a valuable resource for students and scholars of the crusades, the military orders, and medievalism.

Rory MacLellan is a postdoctoral research fellow at Historic Royal Palaces. He specialises in medieval religious history, especially the crusades and the military-religious orders. His first book is Donations to the Knights Hospitaller in Britain and Ireland, 12911400 (2021).

THE MEMORY AND LEGACY OF THE CRUSADES

SERIES EDITORS JONATHAN PHILLIPS & MIKE HORSWELL

The Memory and Legacy of the Crusades

Series Editors: Jonathan Phillips and Mike Horswell, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK.

Engaging the Crusades is a series of volumes which offer initial windows into the ways in which the crusades have been used in the last two centuries; demonstrating that the memory of the crusades is an important and emerging subject. Together these studies suggest that the memory of the crusades, in the modern period, is a productive, exciting and much needed area of investigation.

In this series:

1. The Making of Crusading Heroes and Villains
2. Engaging the Crusades, Volume Four
3. Edited by Mike Horswell and Kristin Skottki

1. Playing the Crusades
2. Engaging the Crusades, Volume Five
3. Edited by Robert Houghton

1. Tales of the Crusaders Remembering the Crusades in Britain
2. Engaging the Crusades, Volume Six
3. Elizabeth Siberry

1. The Modern Memory of the Military-religious Orders
2. Engaging the Crusades, Volume Seven
3. Edited by Rory MacLellan

For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.com/Engaging-the-Crusades/book-series/ETC

First published 2022

by Routledge

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2022 selection and editorial matter, Rory MacLellan; individual chapters, the contributors

The right of Rory MacLellan to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record has been requested for this book

ISBN: 978-1-032-06119-1 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-032-06120-7 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-1-003-20080-2 (ebk)

DOI: 10.4324/9781003200802

Typeset in Times New Roman

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Ignacio Garca Lascurain Bernstorff was born in Mexico City in 1988. He studied in Freiburg im Breisgau, Munich and Rome and earned in 2019 his PhD in History from the University of Munich. He currently works at the Vatican City-based Rmisches Institut der Grres-Gesellschaft and teaches at the University of Potsdam.

Luiz Felipe Anchieta Guerra is an independent scholar. He specialises in medievalism,particularly the misuse of the medieval past by the Brazilian far-right, and has published on this topic in both English and Portuguese.

Nigel Hankin is an independent scholar. He studied for an MSt in Literature and Art at Kellogg College, Oxford, his dissertation for which forms the basis of his chapter in this volume. He is now reading for an MA in Classics at Kings College London.

Rory MacLellan is a postdoctoral research fellow at Historic Royal Palaces. He specialises in medieval religious history, especially the crusades and the military-religious orders. His first book, Donations to the Knights Hospitaller in Britain and Ireland, 12911400, is published by Routledge.

Photeine V. Perra is an assistant professor in Medieval History at the University of the Peloponnese. She studied History at Ionian University (Corfu) and completed her PhD thesis at Aegean University (Department of Mediterranean Studies-Rhodes). Her research interests are focused on the study of the Latin Rule in Greek lands (12041797), the Hospitallers presence in Greece, and the relations between Byzantium and Venice and between Venice and the Ottoman Empire. She is a contributor to the Encyclopaedic Prosopographical Lexicon of Byzantine History and Civilization and a member of the editorial committee of the journal Domus Byzantinus, while she has published several articles and book presentations in various journals in Greece and abroad, as well as chapters in the multivolume History of the Greek people.

Lizzie Swarbrick is a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow in the School of Art History, University of Edinburgh. Her work re-examines Rosslyn Chapel as an important 15th-century church and as a mutable cultural monument. More generally, she works on art and architecture from Scotland c.1250-1560. Lizzie was educated at the University of St Andrews and the Courtauld Institute of Art.

This book was born out of the disruption of the COVID pandemic. Faced with a seemingly never-ending period of COVID-induced furlough (eventually lasting 13 months) from my postdoctoral project, the organisation of this book became my main furlough project. I am immensely grateful to all the contributors for their chapters, created under difficult circumstances and with often limited archival access due to the pandemic. Together, they have created a range of fascinating chapters that push the boundaries of the field, expanding the study of crusade medievalism to new geographic regions and offering new perspectives on old ones. Thanks also to Laura Pilsworth and Izzy Voice for their forbearance in the delays to this volume, and to Mike Horswell for his advice and support throughout the process.