Michael Lynch - Routledge Revivals: Art and Artifact in Laboratory Science (1985): A study of shop work and shop talk in a research laboratory

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Routledge Revivals

Art and Artifact in Laboratory Science

First published in 1985, this book provides a descriptive study of social activities in a neurosciences laboratory. Based on fieldwork conducted by the author in the laboratory during 1975 and 1976, and taking an ethnomethodological approach, it focuses on the phenomenon of the social accomplishment of natural scientific order. Through the examination of shop work and shop talk in this environment, it identifies an analyzable social basis in the local production of accounts of natural objects in laboratory research.

This work will be of interest to students and scholars of ethno-methodology and sociology.

First published in 1985

by Routledge & Kegan Paul plc

This edition first published in 2017 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1985 Michael Lynch

The right of Michael Lynch to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Publishers Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer

The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact.

A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 84009919

ISBN 13: 978-1-138-08484-1 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-1-315-11128-5 (ebk)

Art and artifact in laboratory science

A study of shop work and shop talk in a research laboratory

Michael Lynch

First published in 1985

by Routledge & Kegan Paul plc

14 Leicester Square, London WC2H 7PH, England

9 Park Street, Boston, Mass. 02108, USA

464 St Kilda Road, Melbourne,

Victoria 3004, Australia and

Broadway House, Newtown Road,

Henley-on-Thames, Oxon RG9 1EN, England

Set in Linotron Times

by Input Typesetting Ltd, London

and printed in Great Britain

by Hartnoll Print, Bodmin, Cornwall

CopyrightMichael Lynch 1985

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except for the quotation of brief passages in criticism

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Lynch, Michael, 1948

Art and artifact in laboratory science.

(Studies in ethnomethodology)

Revision of thesis (Ph. D.)University of California,

Irvine, 1979.

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. NeurologyResearchSocial aspects. 2. Communication

in science. 3. ScienceSocial aspects. I. Title.

II. Series.

QP356.L91985 306.45 84-9919

British Library CIP data also available

ISBN 0-7100-9753-0

This book is dedicated to my parents, James and Helen Lynch

Contents

1. A-1

Guide

Figures

I am deeply indebted to Harold Garfinkel for the teachings and advice that inspired and guided my studies. Melvin Pollner was and continues to be a source of insight and guidance for my work. Duane Metzger provided critical appreciation and warm support, and John ONeill and Ken Morrison provided valuable advice, comments, and moral support while I prepared this work for publication. I am also grateful to Craig Mac Andrew for carefully editing and criticizing a draft of the manuscript, and to Henry Beck for introducing me to the writings on meta-science, phenomenology, and ethnomethodology which catalyzed my intellectual development during my early years of graduate training.

Gail Jefferson gave me valuable help with the analysis of scientific conversations, and Anita Pomerantzs writings and comments were an excellent resource for my analysis of agreement in scientific discourse. I am also grateful to Louis Narens for facilitating my contact with the research laboratory I studied, and I am extremely thankful to Gary Lynch and Kevin Lee for instructing me on most of what I know of brain science research.

I would also like to thank Gary Tsutsui for photographic work used in preparing taken from the late Harvey Sackss lecture notes.

I am especially grateful to my friends, David Weinstein, Alene Terasaki, Nancy Fuller, and Nancy Richards, and Scot Carlson for endless hours of help on the manuscript, and for being major influences on my intellectual development.

These prefatory remarks are actually written as a postscript to the volume that follows. The volume is a descriptive study of social activities in a neurosciences laboratory which focuses on how electron-microscopic phenomena were made sensually available and objectively accountable. It is based on fieldwork I conducted in the laboratory during 1975 and 1976. A draft of the volume was written by the end of 1978, and was accepted as my dissertation at University of California, Irvine in March, 1979.

I mention this because the situation in the science studies field has changed dramatically since the time I conducted the study and wrote the chapters in this volume. Laboratory studies, also known as the anthropology of science, have become something of a minor fashion in the sociology of science since 1978. At roughly the same time as I was doing my fieldwork, Bruno Latour and Steve Woolgar performed a field study of a biochemistry laboratory at Salk Institute, which they published in 1979, but that their criticisms of previous accounts of scientific methods, and the alternative view of scientific practices they developed covered much common ground.

In addition to the studies mentioned above, a number of other laboratory ethnographies have been produced by Zenzen and Restivo, or an oscillation between the two.

Besides debunking an image of The Scientist that admittedly served the purpose of scientific autonomy and proved invaluable as an educational prod and a defense against the assaults of creationists, among others, lab studies have raised to a new level the discussion of such traditional topics as rationality, consensus formation, discovery, and scientific controversy. Sociologists can now treat these topics as matters to be observed and described in the present, and not as the exclusive property of historians and philosophers of science.

I mention these recent lab studies not in order to claim the present volume is as original as others which were published earlier. Instead, I write this to apologize for the scant treatment given to the above lab studies in the chapters that follow. To adequately reference the various studies, and more importantly to develop upon the many issues and controversies that have been taken up in social studies of science since 1978, would necessitate a thorough reconstruction of the text. I have chosen not to perform such a reconstruction because it seemed to me that it would do more harm than good to reconstruct this text in order to provide a sense that it was completely up to date.

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