Meyers - CompTIA A+ certification all-in-one exam guide (exams 220-901 & 220-902)

All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio ii ABOUT THE AUTHOR Michael Meyers is the industrys leading authority on CompTIA A+ and CompTIA Network+ certifications. He is the president and founder of Total Seminars, LLC, a major provider of computer and network repair seminars for thousands of organizations throughout the world, and a member of CompTIA. Mike has written numerous popular textbooks, including the best-selling Mike Mey-ers CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing & Troubleshooting PCs and Mike Meyers CompTIANetwork+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Networks. About the ContributorScott Jernigan wields a mighty red pen as Editor in Chief for Total Seminars. With a Master of Arts degree in Medieval History, Scott feels as much at home in the musty archives of London as he does in the crisp IPS glow of Total Seminars Houston HQ. After fleeing a purely academic life, he dove headfirst into IT, working as an instructor, editor, and writer.

Scott has written, edited, and contributed to dozens of books on computer literacy, hardware, operating systems, networking, and certification, including ComputerLiteracyYour Ticket to IC3 Certification, and co-authoring with Mike Meyers the All-in-One CompTIA Strata IT Fundamentals Exam Guide. Scott has taught computer classes all over the United States, including stints at the United Nations in New York and the FBI Academy in Quantico. Practicing what he preaches, Scott is a CompTIA A+ and CompTIA Network+ certified technician, a Mi crosoft Certified Professional, a Microsoft Office User Specialist, and Certiport Internet and Computing Core Certified. About the Technical EditorChris Crayton (CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, MCSE) is an author, editor, tech nical consultant, and trainer. Chris has worked as a computer technology and network ing instructor, information security director, network administrator, network engineer, and PC specialist. Chris has authored several print and online books on PC Repair, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Security+, and Microsoft Windows.

Chris has served as tech nical editor on numerous professional technical titles for leading publishing companies, including the CompTIA A+ All-in-One Exam Guide, the CompTIA A+ Certification StudyGuide, and the Mike Meyers CompTIA A+ Certification Passport. 00-FM.indd 2 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio iii ALL IN ONE CompTIAA+ Certification E X A M G U I D E Ninth Edition (Exam 220-901 & 220-902) Mike Meyers New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto McGraw-Hill Education is an independent entity from CompTIA. This publication and CD-ROM may be used in assisting students to prepare for the CompTIA A+ exams. Neither CompTIA nor McGraw-Hill Education warrants that use of this publication and CD-ROM will ensure passing any exam. CompTIA and CompTIA A+ are trademarks or registered trademarks of CompTIA in the United States and/or other countries. 00-FM.indd 3 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio ivCataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress McGraw-Hill Education books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. 00-FM.indd 3 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio ivCataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress McGraw-Hill Education books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs.

To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us pages at www.mhprofessional.com. CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide, Ninth Edition (Exams 220-901 & 220-902) Copyright 2016 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC DOC 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 ISBN: Book p/n 978-1-25-958869-3 and CD p/n 978-1-25-958870-9 of set 978-1-25-958951-5 MHID: Book p/n 1-25-958869-6 and CD p/n 1-25-958870-X of set 1-25-958951-X Sponsoring EditorTechnical EditorProduction Supervisor Tim Green Christopher Crayton James Kussow Editorial SupervisorCopy EditorComposition Jody McKenzie Bill McManus Cenveo Publishing Services Project EditorProofreaderIllustration Howie Severson, Fortuitous Richard Camp Cenveo Publishing Services Publishing IndexerArt Director, CoverAcquisitions Coordinator Jack Lewis Jeff Weeks Amy Stonebraker Information has been obtained by McGraw-Hill Education from sources believed to be reliable.

However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, McGraw-Hill Education, or others, McGraw-Hill Education does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information. 00-FM.indd 4 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio v To my grandson, Stephen Meyers Kelly. Cant wait to dismantle our first system together! 00-FM.indd 5 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio viBecoming a CompTIA CertifiedIT Professional Is Easy Its also the best way to reach greater professional opportunities and rewards. Why Get CompTIA Certified?Growing Demand Labor estimates predict some technology fields will experience growth of more than 20% by the year 2020. (Source: CompTIA 9th Annual Information Security Trends study: 500 U.S. Higher Salaries IT professionals with certifications on their resume command better jobs, earn higher salaries, and have more doors open to new multi-industry opportunities. Verified Strengths 91% of hiring managers indicate CompTIA certifications are valuable in validating IT exper tise, making certification the best way to demonstrate your competency and knowledge to employers. (Source: CompTIA Employer Perceptions of IT Training and Certification.) Universal Skills CompTIA certifications are vendor neutralwhich means that certified professionals can pro ficiently work with an extensive variety of hardware and software found in most organizations. 00-FM.indd 6 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio vii Learn more about what Purchase a voucher at a Congratulations on your the exam covers by Pearson VUE testing center CompTIA certification! reviewing the following: or at CompTIAstore.com. 00-FM.indd 6 19/11/15 7:22 PM All-In-One / CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide / Meyers / 951-X / Front Matter Blind Folio vii Learn more about what Purchase a voucher at a Congratulations on your the exam covers by Pearson VUE testing center CompTIA certification! reviewing the following: or at CompTIAstore.com.