Flora of the Pacific Northwest
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON PRESS | Seattle in association with BURKE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY AND CULTURE | Seattle BEN S. LEGLER, PETER F. ZIKA, AND RICHARD G. OLMSTEAD
Copyright 2018 by the University of Washington Press Printed and bound in the United States of America Cover design by Katrina Noble Maps by Pease Press Cartography Composed in Minion Pro, typeface designed by Robert Slimbach All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON PRESS www.washington.edu/uwpress LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA Names: Hitchcock, C.
Leo (Charles Leo), 19021986, author. | Cronquist, Arthur, author. | Giblin, David E., editor. | Legler, Ben S., editor. | Zika, Peter F., editor. | Olmstead, Richard G., editor.
Title: Flora of the Pacific Northwest : an illustrated manual / C. Leo Hitchcock and Arthur Cronquist ; edited by David E. Giblin, Ben S. Legler, Peter F. Zika, and Richard G. Olmstead ; illustrated by Jeanne R.
Janish, John H. Rumely, Crystal Shin, and Natsuko Porcino. Description: Second edition. | Seattle : University of Washington Press, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Identifiers: LCCN 2018007551(print) | LCCN 2018010304(ebook) | ISBN 9780295742892(ebook) | ISBN 9780295742885(hardcover : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: BotanyNorthwest, Pacific.
Classification: LCC QK144(ebook) | LCC QK144 .H44 2018(print) | DDC 581.9795dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018007551 The paper used in this publication is acid free and meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI z39.481984. Flora of the Pacific Northwest is the result of a collaboration between the University of Washington Press and the University of Washington Herbarium at the Burke Museum.
We dedicate Flora of the Pacific North- west , 2nd edition, to Donald Fergus Knoke (19202015), friend, colleague, and lifelong student of the Pacific Northwest flora. Dons connection to the Herbarium stretched from his time as a field assistant for Dr. C. Leo Hitch cock in the 1940s through his 16 years of fieldwork with the current editors from 1997 through 2013.
We are espe cially grateful for the early financial support Don provided to make this book possible.
Contents
ix Donors and Financial Supporters We express our deepest gratitude for financial support from the following individuals, agencies, and organizations. We thank them for believing in us, sharing our enthusiasm, and ultimately making this work possible. Financial support was also provided by the Herbarium Endowment and Nygren Family Endowment for the Herbarium. PRIMARY FUNDING ($100,000+) Chris Davidson and Sharon Christoph MAJOR FUNDING ($25,000$75,000) Garneau-Nicon Foundation Don Knoke Pendleton and Elisabeth Carey Miller Charitable Foundation Carol Nygren US Bureau of Land Management, Washington/ Oregon Office US Forest Service, Region 6 ORGANIZATIONS Idaho Native Plant Society Kinnikinnick Chapter Pahove Chapter Native Plant Society of Oregon Portland Chapter Seattle Garden Club Washington Native Plant Society Central Puget Sound Chapter Central Washington Chapter Columbia Basin Chapter Koma Kulshan Chapter Olympic Chapter Salal Chapter South Sound Chapter Suksdorfia Chapter FOUNDATIONS AND CORPORATIONS David Evans and Associates Inc. Davidson Companies (volunteer match) HDR Keta Legacy Foundation Wilburforce Foundation
x DONORS AND FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES US Fish and Wildlife Service US Forest Service, Region 1 Washington Noxious Weed Control Board Washington State Department of Agriculture, Nursery Research Funding Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program Washington State Department of Transporta tion, Biology INDIVIDUALS Kathy Ahlenslager Lyle Anderson Suzanne and Marvin Anderson Joe Arnett Catherine Askren Sharon Baker Lyn Baldwin John and Sue Bassett Barbara Beaver Trip and Carol Beaver Katy Beck Julia Bent Blaise Bettencourt Hugh Binley Ron and Sue Bockelman Sandra Bowman John Chau Martin and Becky Chaney Alison Colwell Cathie Conolly and Rodney Brown Mark Darrach Tad and Julie Dillhoff Jason Dingeldein David and Janet Dobak Diane Doss Richard Droker Jim Duemmel Peter Dunwiddie and Liz Bell Kit Ellis Kathi Erickson Don Estberg Shelly Evans Jim and Birte Falconer Sarah Gage Charlotte Giblin David Giblin and Julie Monahan David Gross Clayton and Barbara Haberman Steve Hahn Kathryn Hamilton-Wang and Steve Wang Hylton and Lawrence Hard William and Betty Hess Janka and Michael Hobbs Peggy Hudson Ted Hunter Ray Izumi Regina Johnson Suzanne Joneson Julie and John Kane Ken Karoly Phoebe Keleman Susan and Jim Kephart Vicki and Jim King Noel Knoke Terri Knoke and Mark Meese Dr.
Art Kruckeberg Charles Lief Dixie and David Llewellin Cindy Luksus and Bill Deters Pat Lu-Irving Richard Mathes Cathy Maxwell Wendy and Tom McClure Tara McCown Calmar McCune Kathleen McKeehen Bridget McNassar Katie Messick
DONORS AND FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS xi Paul Metzner Sandy Miller Dan and Pat Montague Scott Moore and Virginia Hassinger Patricia Muir Berl Nussbaum Dick and Sheila Olmstead Robin OQuinn and Tom Groesbeck Dan and Anna Paquette Peg Pearson John Petrotta Cyndie Prehmus Theresa Price Robert Michael Pyle Richard Ramsden Joe Rocchio Bruce and Alice Ronald Debra Salstrom and Richard Easterly Kathleen Sayce Don Schaechtel Sharon Schlentner Kevin and Emily Schoenfelder Theresa Schuller Simone Spiess Cindy Spurgeon Robert Steinauer Peter Stekel Natalie St. Martin Steve Sullivan James Swayne Hally Swift and Eric Strandberg Donovan Tracy Gail Trotter and Paul Allen Jeff Walker John Wasko Fred and Ann Weinmann Charles Westergard Robert and Jill Wilson David and Ann Woodward Robert Wrench Jenny Wyatt Alan Yen