Al Mauroni - Chemical-Biological Defense: U.S. Military Policies and Decisions in the Gulf War

Cover

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The 1980s combat soldier wore a Chemical Protective Overgarment with M9 detection paper circling his arms and one leg, butyl rubber gloves and fishtail boots, and the M17A2 protective mask. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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M43A1 Chemical Agent Detector and M42 Alarm with BA-3517 battery (together called the M8A1 Automatic Chemical Agent Alarm) was the worlds most sophisticated chemical agent detector in the field in the mid-to-late 1980s. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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Book let of M8 detection paper, roll of sticky M9 detection paper, a M256A1 detector kit, and the M1 Chemical Agent Monitor (CAM) make up the basic chemical agent detection tools for the small combat units. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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XM-21 Remote Sensing Chemical Agent Alarm (RSCAAL) detected chemical agent vapors up to five kilometers distant, but weighted nearly fifty pounds and could not detect agents on the move mounted on a vehicle. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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A trainee uses an M11 decontaminating apparatus to clean an agent-contaminated M151 jeep in the U.S. Army Chemical Schools Chemical Defense Training Facility at Fort McClellan, Alabama. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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An XM93 Fox NBC Reconnaissance System backs into a C5A1 cargo plane at Ramstein Air Force Base, Germany, on its way to Saudi Arabia. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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Soldiers in the 1st Corps Support Command, XVIII Airborne Corps, practice deconning their individual combat gear in a makeshift decontamination line. Courtesy of Major Shirley DeGroot

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Then the soldiers in the 1st Corps Support Command strip off their contaminated clothing in a personal decon exercise. In an actual decon drill, they would don new protective gear or move out of the contaminated area. Courtesy of Major Shirley DeGroot

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XM2/XM19 Biological Detection and Waring System. Each system stands about six feet tall. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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The Armys interim biological agent reconnaissance vehicle for the Gulf War was a leased Isuzu civilian truck with an XM2 Biological Sampler strapped to its hood. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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M1059 mechanized smoke generator system lays down a dense white screen at the National Training Center, Fort Irwin, California. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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Smoke covers King Fahd International Airport, generated by seventy-two smoke generators on thirty-six HMMWVs. Notice the control tower jutting out of the blanket of smoke in the upper left corner. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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2d Chemical Battalion and mechanized smoke generator systems roll into Iraq, supporting VII Corps. Courtesy of Lieutenant Colonel Michael T.Brown

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UNSCOM inspector takes a sample from one of Iraqs Scud warheads. Courtesy of the U.S. Army

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CHEMICAL-BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE

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U.S. Military Policies and Decisions in the Gulf War

ALBERT J.MAURONI

Foreword by

Lieutenant General Daniel R.Schroeder, USA (Ret.)

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Mauroni, Albert J., 1962