Yves Simon - Freedom of Choice

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title	:	Freedom of Choice
author	:	Simon, Yves Rene Marie.; Wolff, Peter
publisher	:	Fordham University Press
isbn10 | asin	:	0823208419
print isbn13	:	9780823208418
ebook isbn13	:	9780585195605
language	:	English
subject	Free will and determinism.
publication date	:	1992
lcc	:	BJ1462.S513eb
ddc	:	123.5
subject	:	Free will and determinism.

Page iii Freedom of Choice Yves R. Simon Edited by Peter Wolff

Page iv Copyright 1969 by FORDHAM UNIVERSITY PRESS All rights reserved. LC 7575040 ISBN 082320841-9 First edition 1969 Paperback reprint 1987 Second paperback printing 1992 Simon, Yves Ren Marie, 19031961. Freedom of choice. Edited by Peter Wolff, with the assistance of Paule Simon [and] Desmond FitzGerald. Foreword by Mortimer J. Adler. New York, Fordham Uni versity Press, 1969. xvii, 167 p. 22 cm. 5.50 Translation of Trait du libre arbitre. Bibliography: p. 159. 1. Free will and determinism. I. Wolff, Peter, 1923 ed. II. Title. BJ1462.S513 123 7575040 ISBN 0823208400 (clothbound) ISBN 0823208419 (paperback) MARC Printed in the United States of America

Page v Contents Foreword by Mortimer J. Adler vii Editor's Preface xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Images of Disorder Chapter 2 The Will 17 Voluntariness The Passions of Man Happiness and the Last End Chapter 3 Freedom 75 The Consciousness of Freedom Freedom of Choice as Freedom of Judgment Free Will and the Principle of Causality Bibliography 159 Index 161

Page vii Foreword Of all the questions or issues concerning human freedom, none is more fundamental in itself and in its consequences than the problem of free choice; and none has been the subject of more persistent and, at the same time, apparently irresolvable controversy. The parties to the controversythe determinists, on the one hand, and the exponents of free will, on the otherhave engaged, for the most part, in denials of positions that they attribute to their opponents but that their opponents do not hold. While such blindness or failure of understanding can be found on both sides of the dispute, it must be said that the determinists are more egregious in

Page viii their misunderstanding of the freedom the existence of which they denyalmost to the point of caricaturing it by identifying it with chance, claiming that it violates the principle of causality or sufficient reason, or asserting that it is a vacuous indeterminancy. It must be added that the fault is not wholly theirs, for their misunderstanding is in large part owing to the excesses and defects of the philosophers who have tried to explain why they attribute freedom of choice to man but who have failed to make that freedom intelligible or reasonable, and so have encouraged, if not actually justified, the caricature. Here, with regard to this, as in other philosophical matters, it is useful to divide the history of Western thought by a line that separates the predecessors of Hume and Kant from their successors. Before Hume and Kant, the first and only satisfactory explanation of man's freedom of choice is that developed in the writings of Thomas Aquinas. When such freedom is denied by Hobbes, Spinoza, and Leibniz, or later by Priestley and Hume, the arguments that they advance take no account whatsoever of the grounds or reasons that Aquinas offers for affirming it. The amazing but incontrovertible fact is that these later philosophers proceed in total ignorance of his explanation of man's freedom of choice. And

Page ix when, in the disputes of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, free will is defended against the determinists by Descartes, Bishop Bramhall, Locke, and Kant, the arguments that they advance either go too far or do not go far enough. In either case, they fail to give an account of free choice that has the intelligibility or reasonableness to be found in the doctrine of Aquinas. They, like their opponents, evince no awareness of that doctrine's existence.

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