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The American Psychiatric Association Publishing
TEXTBOOK OF
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
FIFTH EDITION
The American Psychiatric Association Publishing
TEXTBOOK OF
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
FIFTH EDITION
EDITED BY
Alan F. Schatzberg, M.D.
Charles B. Nemeroff, M.D., Ph.D.
Note: The authors have worked to ensure that all information in this book is accurate at the time of publication and consistent with general psychiatric and medical standards, and that information concerning drug dosages, schedules, and routes of administration is accurate at the time of publication and consistent with standards set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the general medical community. As medical research and practice continue to advance, however, therapeutic standards may change. Moreover, specific situations may require a specific therapeutic response not included in this book. For these reasons and because human and mechanical errors sometimes occur, we recommend that readers follow the advice of physicians directly involved in their care or the care of a member of their family.
Books published by American Psychiatric Association Publishing represent the findings, conclusions, and views of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the policies and opinions of American Psychiatric Association Publishing or the American Psychiatric Association.
If you wish to buy 50 or more copies of the same title, please go to www.appi.org/specialdiscounts for more information.
Copyright 2017 American Psychiatric Association Publishing
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Manufactured in the United States of America on acid-free paper
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Fifth Edition
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
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Arlington, VA 22209-3901
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Schatzberg, Alan F., editor. | Nemeroff, Charles B., editor. | American Psychiatric Association Publishing, publisher.
Title: The American Psychiatric Association Publishing textbook of psychopharmacology / edited by Alan F. Schatzberg, Charles B. Nemeroff.
Other titles: American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of psychopharmacology | Textbook of psychopharmacology
Description: Fifth edition. | Arlington, Virginia : American Psychiatric Association Publishing, [2017] | Preceded by The American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of psychopharmacology / edited by Alan F. Schatzberg, Charles B. Nemeroff. 4th ed. 2009. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017004876 (print) | LCCN 2017005663 (ebook) | ISBN 9781585625239 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781615371228 (ebook)
Subjects: | MESH: Psychotropic Drugspharmacology | Psychotropic Drugstherapeutic use | Mental Disordersdrug therapy | Psychopharmacology
Classification: LCC RM315 (print) | LCC RM315 (ebook) | NLM QV 77.2 | DDC 615.7/8dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017004876
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP record is available from the British Library.
Dedicated to
our wives, children, and grandchildren,
who bring us much joy
and give us great support.
Contents
Jiang-Zhou Yu, MD., Ph.D.
Mark M. Rasenick, Ph.D.
Carolyn M. Drazinic, M.D., Ph.D.
Steven T. Szabo, M.D., Ph.D.
Todd D. Gould, M.D.
Husseini K. Manji, M.D., F.R.C.P.C.
Jessica Keverne, Ph.D.
Darina Czamara, Ph.D.
Joseph F. Cubells, M.D., Ph.D.
Elisabeth B. Binder, M.D., Ph.D.
Roxanne Keynejad, M.A., M.B.B.S., M.R.C.P.
Ania Korszun, Ph.D., M.D., F.R.C.Psych.
Carmine M. Pariante, Ph.D., M.D., F.R.C.Psych.
Firdaus S. Dhabhar, Ph.D.
Charles L. Raison, M.D.
Andrew H. Miller, M.D.
C. Lindsay DeVane, Pharm.D.
Ebrahim Haroon, M.D.
Helen Mayberg, M.D.
K. Ranga Rama Krishnan, M.D.
J. Craig Nelson, M.D.
Jerrold F. Rosenbaum, M.D.
Dawn F. Ionescu, M.D.
Linda L. Carpenter, M.D.
Alan F. Schatzberg, M.D.
Jonathon R. Howlett, M.D.
Murray B. Stein, M.D., M.P.H.
Charles B. Nemeroff, M.D., Ph.D.
Elias Aboujaoude, M.D.
Lorrin M. Koran, M.D.
Patrick H. Roseboom, Ph.D.
Ned H. Kalin, M.D.
Robert N. Golden, M.D.
Karon Dawkins, M.D.
Linda Nicholas, M.D.
Pierre Blier, M.D., Ph.D.
Alan F. Schatzberg, M.D.
David V. Hamilton, M.D., M.A.
Anita H. Clayton, M.D.
Michael E. Thase, M.D.
Sandhaya Norris, M.D.
Pierre Blier, M.D., Ph.D.
David S. Mathai, B.S.
Sanjay J. Mathew, M.D.
David V. Sheehan, M.D., M.B.A.
Donald S. Robinson, M.D.
Karl Rickels, M.D.
Henry A. Nasrallah, M.D.
Rajiv Tandon, M.D.
Stephen R. Marder, M.D.
Yvonne S. Yang, M.D., Ph.D.
Amy L. Silberschmidt, M.D.
Jacob S. Ballon, M.D.
S. Charles Schulz, M.D.
Peter F. Buckley, M.D.
Adriana E. Foster, M.D.
Matthew Byerly, M.D.
Michele Hill, M.R.C.Psych.
Donald C. Goff, M.D.
Rolando Gonzalez, M.D.
Martin T. Strassnig, M.D.
John W. Newcomer, M.D.
Elise Fallucco, M.D.
Martin T. Strassnig, M.D.
Leslie L. Citrome, M.D., M.P.H.
Peter F. Buckley, M.D.
Adriana E. Foster, M.D.
Oliver Freudenreich, M.D.
Scott Van Sant, M.D.
Philip D. Harvey, Ph.D.
Sultan Albrahim, M.D.
Joseph H. Henry, M.D.
Charles B. Nemeroff, M.D., Ph.D.
Joseph K. Stanilla, M.D.
George M. Simpson, M.D.
Masoud Kamali, M.D.
Venkatesh Basappa Krishnamurthy, M.D.
Raman Baweja, M.D.
Erika F.H. Saunders, M.D.
Alan J. Gelenberg, M.D.
Charles L. Bowden, M.D.
Po W. Wang, M.D.
Terence A. Ketter, M.D.
Robert M. Post, M.D.
Mark A. Frye, M.D.
Katherine Marshall Moore, M.D.
Alan F. Schatzberg, M.D.
David E. Kemp, M.D., M.S.
Marc L. van der Loos, M.D., Ph.D.
Keming Gao, M.D., Ph.D.
Joseph R. Calabrese, M.D.
Susan L. McElroy, M.D.
Paul E. Keck Jr., M.D.
Frank W. Brown, M.D.
Seiji Nishino, M.D., Ph.D.
Noriaki Sakai, D.V.M., Ph.D.
Kazuo Mishima, M.D., Ph.D.
Emmanuel Mignot, M.D., Ph.D.
William C. Dement, M.D., Ph.D.
Charles DeBattista, D.M.H., M.D.
William M. McDonald, M.D.
Thomas W. Meeks, M.D.
Linda L. Carpenter, M.D.
W. Vaughn McCall, M.D., M.S.
Charles F. Zorumski, M.D.
William V. Bobo, M.D., M.P.H.
Richard C. Shelton, M.D.
Paul E. Keck Jr., M.D.
Susan L. McElroy, M.D.
Daniella David, M.D.
Jonathan R.T. Davidson, M.D.
Tsung-Ung W. Woo, M.D., Ph.D.
Carla M. Canuso, M.D.
Joanne D. Wojcik, Ph.D., P.M.H.C.N.S.-B.C.
Douglas Noordsy, M.D.
Mary F. Brunette, M.D.
Alan I. Green, M.D.
Brian J. Sherman, Ph.D.
Karen J. Hartwell, M.D.
Aimee L. McRae-Clark, Pharm.D.
Kathleen T. Brady, M.D., Ph.D.
Marissa Miyazaki, M.D.
Daphne Simeon, M.D.
Eric Hollander, M.D.
W. Stewart Agras, M.D.
Andrew D. Krystal, M.D., M.S.
Kurt Kroenke, M.D.
Karen Dineen Wagner, M.D., Ph.D.
Steven R. Pliszka, M.D.