Call in Pinkertons
Allan Pinkerton, founder of Pinkertons National Detective Agency.
PA
Call in Pinkertons
American Detectives at Work for Canada
David Ricardo Williams
Copyright David Ricardo Williams 1998
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise (except for brief passages for purposes of review) without the prior permission of Dundurn Press Limited. Permission to photocopy should be requested from the Canadian Reprography Collective.
Editor: Barry Jowett
Design: Scott Reid
Printer: Webcom
Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data
Williams, David Ricardo
Call in Pinkertons
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-55002-306-3
1. Pinkertons National Detective Agency History. 2. Private investigators Canada History. I. Title.
HV8099.C3W54 1998 | 363.28906071 | C98-930781-6 |
1 2 3 4 5 BJ 02 01 00 99 98
We acknowledge the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program. We also acknowledge the support of the Ontario Arts Council and the Book Publishing Industry Development Program of the Department of Canadian Heritage.
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Printed and bound in Canada.
Printed on recycled paper.
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Table of Contents
There is a detective on our trail.
Why, man, youre crazy.... Isnt the place full of police and detectives, and what harm do they ever do us?
No, no; its no man of the district. As you say, we know them, and it is little that they can do. But youve heard of Pinkertons?
Ive read of some folk of that name.
Well, you can take it from me that youve no show when they are on your trail. Its not a take-it-or-miss-it Government concern. Its a dead earnest business proposition thats out for results, and keeps out till, by hook or by crook, it gets them. If a Pinkerton man is deep in this business we are all destroyed.
From Valley of Fear, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
To my wife, Laura, for her support and help.
List of Illustrations
Sources:
British Columbia Archives and Records Service (BCARS)
National Archives of Canada (NAC)
Pinkerton Archives, Encino, California (PA)
Frontispiece: Allan Pinkerton, founder of Pinkertons National Detective Agency.
PA
NAC C44904
PA
NAC C10446
BCARS G-9549
BCARS F-03030
BCARS H-2678
BCARS F-335
PA
BCARS A-4796
BCARS B-1319
NAC PA 51492
NAC PA 122800
NAC C21869
NAC PA 187297
NAC PA 27943
BCARS C-06184
BCARS A03194.TXT
NAC PA 24489
Acknowledgements
In the preparation of this work, I have received much valuable assistance. First, I must mention Pinkertons, Inc. itself and its officials: Tom Wathen, the Chairman; Gerard Brown, formerly Executive Vice-President; and Jeannie Kihm, who was Marketing Manager during my visit to the Pinkertons Archives in Van Nuys, where I met and interviewed all three. (The company has since moved its headquarters to Encino.) It is heartening to a researcher to find a corporation as conscious of its history as Pinkertons and, of course, there is much to be conscious about. Pinkertons has an extensive collection of historical records relating to investigations in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to which I was given unlimited access, as well as a desk at which to examine them. Tom Wathen was most generous of his time in talking to me about Pinkertons, past and present, and has a continuing interest in this writing project.
I am grateful to Robert Fraser, senior editor, Dictionary of Canadian Biography, for his suggestions about the Hamilton Street Railway Strike of 1906; to the late Mr. Justice David McDonald of Alberta for his suggestions about Sir John A. Macdonald and the Fenians; to my friend and fellow author Peter Murray for first drawing my attention to the investigation of the Manitoba election scandals of the 1890s; to Lee Gibson of Winnipeg who was also helpful concerning those scandals; to Jim Midwinter of Ottawa for drawing my attention to The Valley of Fear, the Sherlock Holmes novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle which is based on a famous Pinkertons episode, the Molly Maguires; and to Professor Peter Russell for background information on the threatened invasion of the Yukon.
As is my habit, I solicited, through the good offices of newspapers, information from the general public, to which I had a most enthusiastic response from many people. I cannot mention them all, but I must thank Professor Michael Hadley of the University of Victoria for drawing my attention to the espionage conducted by Pinkertons on behalf of Canada during the First World War; to Mary Ann Murphy of the Legislative Library in Victoria, who drew my attention to Pinkertons materials amongst her librarys holdings; to Peggy Imredy for drawing my attention to her ancestor James Dye, an Assistant Superintendent of Pinkertons, in connection with the Bill Miner train robberies; to Kenneth Dye, the grandson of James Dye, for the loan of his grandfathers scrapbook; to Dr. Kenneth Williams and Lloyd Greene for their recollections of Pinkertons industrial espionage in the hiring halls for loggers in Vancouver in the 1930s.
To Paul St. Amour, head of Pinkertons Canadian operations, I express my gratitude for his co-operation in making available archival records in the Montreal office and also to Harold Pountney of that office for his friendly assistance. My friend Professor Dale Gibson, now of the University of Alberta at Edmonton, has been researching Canada-U.S.A. extradition cases, in some of which Pinkertons figured. This research has resulted in our paths crossing, to the advantage, I think, of both, but certainly of me. Colleagues of mine in the Faculty of Law at the University of Victoria have been helpful and supportive, particularly Professor John McLaren who steered me to the Amprior, Ontario, prostitution investigation. My friend, Warren K. Taylor, a retired judge of the Superior Court of California, was helpful in elucidating the mysteries of American criminal law and its administration.