Narayan Panigrahi - Brain Computer Interface: EEG Signal Processing

Narayan Panigrahi and Saraju P. Mohanty

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First edition published 2023

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2023 Narayan Panigrahi and Saraju P. Mohanty

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

A catalog record has been requested for this book

ISBN: 978-1-032-14841-0 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-032-14842-7 (pbk)

ISBN: 978-1-003-24138-6 (ebk)

DOI: 10.1201/9781003241386

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Brain computer interface, popularly known as BCI, is an emerging field of research, finding its use in many societal and medical applications. BCI comprises of four distinct steps: (1) neuro-imaging for acquisition of the digital data from the brain, (2) processing of the neuro-image data for isolating various characteristic features of the brain, (3) classification and mapping of the features to understand the intended motif and actions, and (4) interfacing the action to the device or computer to perform the intended actions. There is more than one method to perform each of these steps. Also, there is directed research to innovate and optimize these methods to make these steps efficient and autonomous in achieving BCI.

In this book, we choose electroencephalography (EEG) as the neuro-imaging technique for performing the data acquisition for BCI. In the rest of the steps the algorithms, computing techniques, visualization, and interpretation of features extracted from EEG were discussed. Therefore, this is the name of the book Brain Computer Interface: EEG Signal Processing. EEG has many spatio-temporal variations and has different ways to acquire an EEG signal. Matching computing techniques and interpretation methods are being researched upon so as to make use of these spatio-temporal variations. The features extracted from EEG are exploited in actuation of devices and computers so as to realize the BCI. Another aspect of neuro-imaging signature of the brain is observed to be fairly similar when a subject performs a similar task but differs in the level for different activities.

We believe that EEG signals, if processed using the right methodology, will help in determining the cognitive behavior of a subject. One aspect of the cognitive behavior is intelligence. As mentioned earlier, the EEG signals are the signature of the brain activity of different regions of the subject.

This book gives a basic introduction to various neuro-imaging techniques, with a special emphasis to EEG and its advantages. Further, the basic classification criteria for different components present in EEG are discussed. It gives varying perspectives as how to understand the scope of processing the EEG signal and its association with popular applications.