Elizabeth C. Economy - The World According to China

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Elizabeth C. Economy

polity

Copyright Elizabeth C. Economy 2022

The right of Elizabeth C. Economy to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

First published in 2022 by Polity Press

Polity Press
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Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK

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Medford, MA 02155, USA

All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.

ISBN-13: 978-1-5095-3751-8

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Economy, Elizabeth, 1962- author.
Title: The world according to China / Elizabeth C. Economy. Description: Medford : Polity Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: A penetrating analysis of Chinas global ambitions from one of the worlds leading China experts--Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021013890 (print) | LCCN 2021013891 (ebook) | ISBN 9781509537495 (hardback) | ISBN 9781509537518 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: China--Foreign relations--21st century | China--Politics and government--2002- | China--Foreign economic relations--21st century. | China--Relations. | Geopolitics--China. | Xi, Jinping.
Classification: LCC DS779.47 .E27 2022 (print) | LCC DS779.47 (ebook) | DDC 327.51--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021013890
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021013891

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ADBAsian Development BankAIartificial intelligenceAIIBAsian Infrastructure Investment BankASEANAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsBARFBelt and Road ForumBISSecurity Information Service (Czech Republic)BRIBelt and Road InitiativeCBAChinese Basketball AssociationCCPChinese Communist PartyCCTVChina Central TelevisionCDBChina Development BankCGTNChina Global Television NetworkCIsConfucius InstitutesCICIRChina Institutes of Contemporary International RelationsCMCCentral Military CommissionCOSCOChina Ocean Shipping CompanyCPECChinaPakistan Economic CorridorCPTPPComprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific PartnershipDPPDemocratic Progressive PartyDRAMdynamic random-access memoryDSRDigital Silk RoadEDAelectronic design automationFAOFood and Agriculture OrganizationFDIforeign direct investmentFOIPFree and Open Indo-PacificGSMGlobal System for Mobile TelecommunicationsHKHRDAHong Kong Human Rights and Democracy ActHKSARHong Kong Special Administration RegionHSMCWuhan Hongxin Semiconductor ManufacturingHSRHealth Silk RoadICAOInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationICCPRInternational Covenant on Civil and Political RightsICTinformation and communications technologyIDAInstitute for Defense AnalysisIECInternational Electrotechnical CommissionIFCInternational Finance CorporationIMFInternational Monetary FundIPintellectual propertyIPOinitial public offeringISOInternational Standards OrganizationITUInternational Telecommunication UnionKMTKuomintangMICMade in ChinaNBANational Basketball AssociationNDRCNational Development and Reform CommissionNEDNational Endowment for DemocracyNKIBNational Cyber and Information Security Agency (Czech Republic)PKUPeking UniversityPLAPeoples Liberation ArmyPPEpersonal protective equipmentPRCPeoples Republic of ChinaR&Dresearch and developmentRCEPRegional Comprehensive Economic PartnershipSCOShanghai Cooperation OrganizationSDGsSustainable Development GoalsSIASemiconductor Industry AssociationSSFStrategic Support ForceSOEsstate-owned enterprisesTCMtraditional Chinese medicineTHAADTerminal High Altitude and Area DefenseTRATaiwan Relations ActUFWDUnited Front Work DepartmentUMCUnited Microelectronics CorporationUN DESAUnited Nations Department of Social and Economic AffairsUNCLOSUnited Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaUNHRCUnited Nations Human Rights CouncilUNIDOUnited Nations Industrial Development OrganizationWHAWorld Health AssemblyWHOWorld Health Organization

This book has benefited greatly from the support of both the Hoover Institution and the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), my two homes away from home. The dedication of these institutions to rigorous and informed policy debate created a vibrant intellectual environment that encouraged me to research and write this book. Even more importantly, the Hoover Institution and CFR are filled with wonderful scholars and colleagues who make going to work a privilege and a joy. In addition, I have been fortunate that the presidents of these institutions, Condoleezza Rice and Richard Haass, have provided me with guidance and inspired me through their scholarship and leadership in the policy world.

I am also grateful for the insightful advice and help I have received in reviewing the manuscript. Richard Haass and James Lindsay, CFRs Director of Studies, read the entire manuscript and offered valuable advice, as did two anonymous reviewers. My good friends and colleagues Adam Segal and Karl Eikenberry each read parts of the book and made it better. I owe special thanks to Endy Zemenides, who opened the doors of Greeces foreign policy community to me and provided me with a range of perspectives into how China is exercising its diplomatic and economic power outside its borders. Other friends, colleagues, and officials in China, Central Europe, Latin America, and the United States also generously shared their knowledge and insights.

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