Hwei P. Hsu - Signals and Systems

HWEI P. HSU received his BS from National Taiwan University and his MS and PhD from Case Institute of Technology. He has published several books, including Schaums Outline of Analog and Digital Communications, and Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes. Copyright 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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The purpose of this book, like its previous edition, is to provide the concepts and theory of signals and systems needed in almost all electrical engineering fields and in many other engineering and science disciplines as well. In the previous edition the book focused strictly on deterministic signals and systems. This new edition expands the contents of the first edition by adding two chapters dealing with random signals and the response of linear systems to random inputs.

The background material on probability needed for these two chapters is included in . I wish to express my appreciation to Ms. Kimberly Eaton and Mr. Charles Wall of the McGraw-Hill Schaum Series for inviting me to revise the book. HWEI P. HSU
Shannondell at Valley Forge, Audubon, Pennsylvania

The concepts and theory of signals and systems are needed in almost all electrical engineering fields and in many other engineering and scientific disciplines as well.

They form the foundation for further studies in areas such as communication, signal processing, and control systems. This book is intended to be used as a supplement to all textbooks on signals and systems or for self-study. It may also be used as a textbook in its own right. Each topic is introduced in a chapter with numerous solved problems. The solved problems constitute an integral part of the text. .

I am grateful to Professor Gordon Silverman of Manhattan College for his assistance, comments, and careful review of the manuscript. I also wish to thank the staff of the McGraw-Hill Schaum Series, especially John Aliano for his helpful comments and suggestions and Maureen Walker for her great care in preparing this book. Last, I am indebted to my wife, Daisy, whose understanding and constant support were necessary factors in the completion of this work. HWEI P. HSU
Montville, New Jersey

To understand the material in this text, the reader is assumed to have a basic knowledge of calculus, along with some knowledge of differential equations and the first circuit course in electrical engineering. This text covers both continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems.

If the course you are taking covers only continuous-time signals and systems, you may study parts of . To really master a subject, a continuous interplay between skills and knowledge must take place. By studying and reviewing many solved problems and seeing how each problem is approached and how it is solved, you can learn the skills of solving problems easily and increase your store of necessary knowledge. Then, to test and reinforce your learned skills, it is imperative that you work out the supplementary problems (hints and answers are provided). I would like to emphasize that there is no short cut to learning except by doing.

The concept and theory of signals and systems are needed in almost all electrical engineering fields and in many other engineering and scientific disciplines as well.

In this chapter we introduce the mathematical description and representation of signals and systems and their classifications. We also define several important basic signals essential to our studies.

A signal is a function representing a physical quantity or variable, and typically it contains information about the behavior or nature of the phenomenon. For instance, in an