James P. Kahan - A seminar game to analyze regional governance options for Portugal
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A seminar game to analyze regional governance options for Portugal
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Shows the results of a series of seminar games simulating the alternative decentralization schemes being contemplated to help illiminate the solution that would lead to a more efficient government.
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A Seminar Game to Analyze Regional Governance Options for Portugal
author
:
Kahan, James P.
publisher
:
RAND
isbn10 | asin
:
0833026968
print isbn13
:
9780833026965
ebook isbn13
:
9780585249377
language
:
English
subject
Regionalism--Portugal--Simulation methods, Decentralization in government--Portugal--Simulation methods, Portugal--Administrative and political divisions--Simulation methods.
publication date
:
1999
lcc
:
JN8515.S46 1999eb
ddc
:
946.9
subject
:
Regionalism--Portugal--Simulation methods, Decentralization in government--Portugal--Simulation methods, Portugal--Administrative and political divisions--Simulation methods.
The research described in this report was performed by RAND Europe sponsored by grants from the Luso-American Foundation for Development.
ISBN: 0-8330-2696-8
RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND is a registered trademark. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors.
Copyright 1999 RAND
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND.
Published 1999 by RAND 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1333 H St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005-4707 RAND URL: www.rand.org/ To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Internet: order@rand.org
Page i
A Seminar Game to Analyze Regional Governance Options for Portugal
James P. Kahan Mirjam van het Loo Manuela Franco Joo Gomes Cravinho Vasco Rato Joo Tiao Silveira Ftima Fonseca
Supported by RAND Europe and The Luso-American Foundation for Development
Page iii
Preface
The Luso-American Foundation for Development (FLAD, for its Portuguese name), true to its vocation as a promoter of scientific knowledge and socio-economic progress in Portugal, decided to conduct a prospective study of regionalization in Portugal, simulating scenarios of life in 2010 according to some of the likely possible options. FLAD carried out the study in cooperation with, and with the support of RAND. The aim was not only to help clarify some of the aspects and implications of an important, but complex, problem, but also to introduce to Portugal an innovative methodology which has shown highly promising results in other areas.
The aim of the study is much more than mere research into an individual case. The idea is, by examining a concrete situation, to illustrate the advantage of being able to evaluate public policies as objectively as possible. It also demonstrates the absence of private organizations in Portugalalthough there are no public ones eithercapable of conducting this kind of research in a scientific manner.
Anyone who is familiar with the methods of evaluating public policies used since the end of World War II, first in the United States and Canada and later in some European countries (Norway, the Netherlands and Denmark and now in France, Great Britain and Switzerland), will recognize that is has been mainly in public institutionsbudget control departments and audit officesthat these methodologies have been applied. We are also aware that, without private, independent bodies capable of applying and developing evaluation techniques, scientific progress would not have been possible. Neither would it have been possible to guarantee results that were credible and free from any political manipulation.
Portugal has to keep up with this great movement towards rationalization and objectivity in evaluating public policies and to draw people's attention to the vacuum that exists at present. A highly constructive step would be to give a concrete example of the use and value of these methods of evaluation.
Having done the study, one has to recognise that it was a worthwhile experience. True, no clear and definitive answers about the best concrete solution for Portugal were presentedbut that is neither the objective nor the main purpose of this methodology. The simulation allowed those who participated at the seminar games, as it will now allow those who will read this report, to get a deeper insight into the question "Should administrative regions be created in Portugal?" shedding new light on the subject. Common sense pointed to the existence of some consensus on a number of issues: the
Page iv
absolute need for decentralisation, bringing government closer to the people; the refusal to increase bureaucracy, the number of civil servants and politicians and the explicit refusal to raise new taxes; the need to preserve the values of existing local government; and a reluctance to discuss the regional issue in a vague or ideological fashion, without considering the actual responsibilities or the costs involved. That consensus has been further strengthened.
The reader should now be able to judge these issues for himself on the merits of this work.
RUI CHANCERELLE DE MACHETE PRESIDENT OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, FLAD LISBOA, PORTUGAL
<><><><><><><><><><><><>
This report, prepared for FLAD, describes the background, methods, results and conclusions from a series of four seminar games conducted by RAND Europe in June 1998 to examine alternative strategies of decentralization of the Portuguese government. The primary purpose of the report was to inform the debate surrounding the referendum of 8 November 1998 on whether to install a regional administrative layer of government in the country. The report should be of interest to persons concerned with Portugal, with regionalization of government competencies and with gaming as a policy analytic tool.
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