Jerram - Introducing Volcanology: A Guide to Hot Rocks (Introducing Earth and Environmental Sciences)

Other Titles in this Series:

Introducing Astronomy

Introducing Geology A Guide to the World of Rocks

(Third Edition)

Introducing Geomorphology

Introducing Geophysics

Introducing Hydrogeology

Introducing Metamorphism

Introducing Meteorology

(Second Edition)

Introducing Mineralogy

Introducing Natural Resources

Introducing Oceanography

(Second Edition)

Introducing Palaeontology A Guide to Ancient Life

(Second Edition)

Introducing Sea Level Change

Introducing Sedimentology

Introducing Stratigraphy

Introducing Tectonics, Rock Structures and Mountain Belts

(Second Edition)

Introducing the Planets and their Moons

For further details of these and other Dunedin
Earth and Environmental Sciences titles see
www.dunedinacademicpress.co.uk

Introducing
Volcanology

A Guide to Hot Rocks

SECOND EDITION

Dougal Jerram

First published in 2021 by

Dunedin Academic Press Ltd

This digital edition published 2021

Head Office:

Hudson House

8 Albany Street

Edinburgh EH1 3QB, UK

ISBNs:

Print edition (paperback): 9781780460901

PDF edition: 9781780466576

ePub edition: 9781780466552

Copyright 2021 Dougal Jerram

The right of Dougal Jerram to be identified as the author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

All rights reserved by the publisher under International Copyright Conventions. By payment of the necessary fees you have been granted a non-exclusive, non-transferable licence to access and read the text of this digital edition on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, re-engineered or stored in any information retrieval system in any form or by any means except in accordance with the terms of the licence granted to you. If in doubt as to what use may be permitted by the non-exclusive licence that you have purchased, please contact the publisher, Dunedin Academic Press Ltd.

www.dunedinacademicpress.co.uk

Contents

List of Illustrations and Tables

Illustration Credits and Acknowledgements

Unless otherwise indicated the photographs, tables and other figures used are those of the author.

The following illustrations are reproduced by permission, courtesy of:
: John Howell.

The following illustrations have been adapted from published sources:
.

In addition, Catherine Nelson, Richard Brown, Olivier Galland, John Howell, Sverre Planke and Graham Andrews are thanked for their valuable input. Brian Upton and an anonymous reviewer are also thanked for their constructive and helpful comments.

Preface

Volcanoes have the power to rock our world, from the spectacular and the beautiful to the violent and the deadly. Introducing Volcanology: A Guide to Hot Rocks is a detailed but accessible introduction to volcanoes and their plumbing systems. Aimed at those with an inquisitive interest in volcanoes as well as the more advanced reader, the ten chapters document different aspects of volcanology. All are illustrated with a wide array of photographs and diagrams to accompany the text, and an AZ of volcanology is included as a glossary. Since the first edition of this book was published in 2011, a lot has happened in the world of volcanoes and in the world of DougalEARTH. I have been lucky to continue travelling globally to see many of the worlds modern and ancient volcanic rocks (the HOT Rocks that form the basis of this guide). Since appearing as Dr Volcano on BBC television, I have continued to work with various media projects including CBBC series Fierce Earth, a trip down the Grand Canyon in a wooden boat (BBC/Discovery) and a journey to the very edge of China (Discovery Asia), always looking out for the next Earth Science adventure.

I now have a number of books on volcanic rocks and more general aspects of Earth and popular science (including: The Field Description of Igneous Rocks Wiley; Volcanoes of Europe Dunedin; Travel Guide to the Centre of the Earth Pilazzo; Victor the Volcano Rudling House; Dig to the Centre of the Earth Carlton). Of these books Introducing Volcanology: A Guide to Hot Rocks, remains my first solo venture in book writing and one I am very proud of. The first edition has topped the Amazon selling lists in Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Tectonics on a few occasions, proving popular with interested volcanophiles and budding Earth scientists, and I hope the second edition is also received favourably. Given its previous popularity, I have chosen not to change/deviate too much in this edition, but moreover to update and enhance what we had before. More recent eruptions, as well as a trip I took to the Galpagos, have all inspired me to add some of the new materials, which along with the detailed colour images and graphics from before, will guide you through the world of hot rocks. Thanks also go to Anthony Kinahan and Anne Morton for help and motivation in putting the new version of Introducing Volcanology together, and to the varied people and institutions that have made pictures and figures available for use (see acknowledgements/credits section and in figure captions). I would also like to acknowledge the late David McLeod, who helped with the design and typesetting of the first edition of this book, as well as the second edition of Volcanoes of Europe also published by Dunedin. I hope you find Introducing Volcanology: A Guide to Hot Rocks a very informative text and an even more valuable source of images and graphics to help you develop your understanding of volcanoes, and inspire you to delve more deeply into Earth Science and the wonderful knowledge it can bring.

A final closing message that I would like to add to this preface of the second edition: two close colleagues and mentors to my career as an Earth scientist/volcanologist sadly passed away between the editions of this book Jon Davidson (2016) and Henry Emeleus (2017). They both contributed so much to my understanding of igneous rocks and volcanoes, and I owe a great deal to them not only for their knowledge sharing, but also for the fond memories of times shared musing over rock samples and thin-sections, out in the field on geo-expeditions, or sharing fantastic yarns over a beer cheers!!

Prof. Dougal A. Jerram, aka Dr Volcano, August 2020

Figure 1.1 Volcanoes in our lives. a) Painting of a childs idea of a volcano (Fleur Meston 11 yrs). b) 3D volcano model for a school competition (Tyron Wilson 12 yrs). c) Spot the eruption! Author on location in Stromboli for a filming project (Stromboli erupting in background). d) Volcanoes featured on stamps. (Stamp images courtesy of Josef Schlach).

The world of volcanoes