Stephanie Paris - Pop! Air and Water Pressure

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Stephanie Paris

Consultants

Timothy Rasinski, Ph.D.

Kent State University

Lori Oczkus

Literacy Consultant

Katie McKissick

Physical Science Consultant

Based on writing from

TIME For Kids. TIME For Kids and the TIME

For Kids logo are registered trademarks of

TIME Inc. Used under license.

Publishing Credits

Dona Herweck Rice , Editor-in-Chief

Lee Aucoin , Creative Director

Jamey Acosta , Senior Editor

Heidi Fiedler , Editor

Lexa Hoang , Designer

Stephanie Reid , Photo Editor

Emily Engle , Contributing Author

Rachelle Cracchiolo , M.S.Ed., Publisher

Image Credits: pp.19 (top), 28 (top), 29

(top), 56 Alamy; pp.40, 45, 57 (top) Bigstock;

p.6 gbrummett/Flickr; p.47 David Brown;

p.16 Getty Images; p.29 (bottom) Verena

Tunnicliffe/AFP/Newscom; p.25 (bottom)

L. Birmingham/Custom Medical Stock

Photo/Newscom; p.19 (bottom) Richard

Thomason/KRT/Newscom; p.35 (top) Zuma

Press/Newscom; pp.15, 27, 37 (top), 3839

(illustrations) Kevin Panter; p.31 (illustration)

Matthew Tiongco; pp.7, 11, 1213, 3233,

43, 5253 (illustrations) Timothy J. Bradley;

pp.17 (top), 21 (top), 23 (top), 28 (bottom),

41, 48, 5051, 51 (top) Photo Researchers;

p.18 Pathathai Chungyam/Getty Images/

iStockphoto; All other images from

Shutterstock.

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

2013 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Teacher Created Materials

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

http://www.tcmpub.com

ISBN 978-1-4333-4939-3

2013 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

Synched Read-Along Version by:

Triangle Interactive LLC

PO Box 573

Prior Lake, MN 55372

ISBN-13: 978-1-68444-984-2 (e-book)

The Pressure of the World! .......

Water Pressure ................

Water Pressure in Action ........

Air Pressure ...................

Weather ......................

The Power of Pressure ..........

Glossary ......................

Index ........................

Bibliography .................. 62

More to Explore ...............

About the Author ..............

H

ave you ever known someone who had

the weight of the world on his or her

shoulders? Ancient Greeks believed there

was a god named Atlas who actually held

up the world by lifting it on his shoulders!

But the truth is, we are all under pressure

every day. In fact, without it, we wouldnt

be able to survive!

Atlas

What is pressure?

Where do we encounter

pressure?

What are some ways we can

use pressure to our advantage?

Pressure

When a water balloon

pops, the result is

dramatic and wet.

Pressure is a force that pushes against something.

There is no escaping pressure. No matter where we

go or what we do , we are experiencing it. As you sit

reading this book, your fingers press into the page and

your body presses into the chair. When you write with

a pencil, you press down with the graphite. When

you erase, you must apply pressure with the eraser.

But even if you were floating in a pool of water doing

nothing, you would still be under pressure . The water

would be pressing in from all sides, and the air would

be pressing down from above. Water and air pressure

are two essential forces that affect us every day .

Pop It! Whop It!

Ever wonder why balloons make that

loud popping sound? It has to do with

the latex they are made from.

Next, the latex pieces

snap back into their

original shape. This also

happens faster than

the speed of sound and

causes more sonic booms!

All these little

booms occur

over such a small

amount of time

that we hear them

as one event: a

loud POP!

The pressure of the gas inside

the balloon puts stress on

the latex. The stress causes

cracks to form in the latex,

and the air rushes out. This

happens faster than the

speed of sound. It causes

small sonic booms!

Heavy Hitters

Blaise Pascal and Sir Isaac Newton were gifted

mathematicians and scientists. They lived during the

seventeenth century. Pascal is best known for studying

fluids and creating barometers . He also made

machines that performed calculations. Newton is best

known for creating calculus, an area of math. Calculus

is used to study the laws of the universe. With this

math, he developed three basic laws of motion that are

still studied and used today.

Newtons and Pascals

Because of their work in math and science, the

units of measurement used to describe pressure are

named after Newton and Pascal.

The newton (N) is a unit

of force. One newton

describes the force needed

to accelerate one kilogram

of mass one meter per

second squared. Newtons

describe weight.

The pascal (Pa) is a unit of

pressure. One pascal is

one newton of force per

square meter.

N = kg

m

s

Pa =

n

m

What Weighs

a Newton?

a medium apple

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