Tracy Abell - All about Drones

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123

DRONES

CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGY

by Tracy Abell

ALL ABOUT

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Tracy Abell lives in the Rocky Mountain foothills where she enjoys running on the trails. She

often sees coyotes, foxes, rabbits, magpies, and meadowlarks out there in the open space.

www.northstareditions.com

Copyright 2017 by North Star Editions, Lake Elmo, MN 55042. All rights reserved. No

part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without written

permission from the publisher.

Produced for North Star Editions by Red Line Editorial.

Photographs : Alexey Yuzhakov/Shutterstock Images, cover, 1; Lucky Business/

Shutterstock Images, 45; Lt. Col. Leslie Pratt/US Air Force, 6; Dmitry Kalinovsky/

Shutterstock Images, 9; Maria Dryfhout/Shutterstock Images, 1011; seregalsv/Shutterstock

Images, 13; sezer66/iStockphoto, 15; Julia Tim/Shutterstock Images, 1617; Kletr/

Shutterstock Images, 1819; Kike Calvo/AP Images, 21; leungchopan/Shutterstock Images,

2223; Ververidis Vasilis/Shutterstock Images, 25; gualtiero boffi/Shutterstock Images,

2627; Fotos593/Shutterstock Images, 29

Content Consultant: Dr. John B. Bridewell, Professor of Aviation, University of North Dakota

ISBN

978-1-63517-012-2 (hardcover)

978-1-63517-068-9 (paperback)

978-1-63517-173-0 (ebook pdf)

978-1-63517-123-5 (hosted ebook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016949757

Printed in the United States of America

Mankato, MN

November, 2016

978-1-68444-291-1 (e-book)

Synched Read-Along Version by:

Triangle Interactive LLC

PO Box 573

Prior Lake, MN 55372

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

What Is a Drone?

CHAPTER 2

How Drones Work

HOW IT WORKS

Roll, Pitch, Yaw, and Throttle

CHAPTER 3

Drones in Action

CHAPTER 4

Potential Problems

CHAPTER 5

The Future of Drones

Focus on Drones 30

Glossary 31

To Learn More 32

Index 32

CHAPTER

WHAT IS A DRONE?

Y

ou look down at a snow-covered

mountain. Like an eagle, you swoop

close to a lone snowboarder going down

the slope. White powder sprays behind

the board. Trees pass by in a green blur.

You see it all: the snowboarder, the

sparkling slope, and the blue sky.

Drones enable users to record events and views

from exciting places and angles.

A US military drone flies a combat mission in

Afghanistan.

How is this possible? You are

controlling a drone that flies just above

the snowboarder. The snowboarder ends

her run in a powdery swoosh. The drone

flies back up the mountain to you.

A drone is an aircraft that can fly

without a human pilot on board.

Drones come in a variety of sizes and

prices. The US Air Force has many

large drones. They weigh thousands

of pounds and can fly more than

50,000 feet (15,240 m) above the ground.

RADIOPLANE OQ-2A

The Radioplane OQ-2A was a remote-controlled

target drone flown in 1943. It had to be launched

by a catapult. The OQ-2A had a wingspan of feet

(4.0 m) and weighed pounds (49 kg). The OQ-2A

could fly 8,000 feet (2,400 m) high. A Radioplane

OQ-2A is on display at the National Museum of the

United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio.

These drones cost millions of dollars.

Some microdrones may weigh only

ounce (28 g) and cost less than

$100. Larger drones are typically built

by manufacturers. But there are also

do-it-yourself kits for building your

own drone.

It is impossible to say when the first

drone was invented. Some believe it

was in 1849. In that year, Austria used

balloons filled with bombs during a war.

Others say the first drone was invented in

the 1930s. That is when the United States

first sent up remote-controlled aircraft.

These devices were practice targets for

the army.

Inexpensive hobby drones are available at many stores

and online retailers.

Drones may have begun with the

military. But by the 1940s, things

changed. Remote-controlled aircraft

became a hobby for civilians. Today,

more than one million people own

hobby drones.

CHAPTER

HOW DRONES WORK

H

obby drones come in three categories.

The first is planes and gliders.

These drones look like a typical piloted

aircraft with two wings and a tail. They

can only move forward. They cannot

hover . Propellers are usually pointed

horizontally.

Multicopters are the most popular type of drone.

The second category is helicopters.

Helicopters have propellers or rotors

pointed vertically. These drones can move

forward, backward, and side to side. They

can also hover.

The third category is multicopters.

These drones typically have three to eight

rotors. Multicopters move like helicopters.

All drones must be able to get up

in the air. Lift is what makes objects

that are heavier than air stay aloft . Lift

happens when air is moved across wings

and rotors. The upper surface is curved,

and this makes the air move faster.

Faster-moving air results in low pressure,

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