Todd Bluthenthal - The Equator

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Table of Contents

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leveled reader

THE EQUATOR

TODD BLUTHENTHAL

WHERE ON EARTH? MAPPING PARTS OF THE WORLD

social studies

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WHERE ON EARTH? MAPPING PARTS OF THE WORLD

THE EQUATOR

EQUATOR

By Todd Bluthenthal

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Please visit our website, www. garethstevens. com. For a free color catalog of all our high-quality books, call toll free 1-800-542-2595 or fax 1-877-542-2596.

Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bluthenthal, Todd. Title: The equator / Todd Bluthenthal. Description: New York : Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2018. | Series: Where on Earth? mapping parts of the world | Includes index. Identifiers: ISBN 9781482464214 ( pbk. ) | ISBN 9781482464238 ( library bound) | ISBN 9781482464221 ( pack) Subjects: LCSH: Latitude--Juvenile literature. | Geographical positions--Juvenile literature. Classification: LCC QB224. B58 2017 | DDC 6--dc23

Published in 2018 by Gareth Stevens Publishing East 14th Street, Suite New York, NY 10003

Copyright 2018 Gareth Stevens Publishing

Designer: Samantha DeMartin Editor: Joan Stoltman

Photo credits: series art CHAPLIA YAROSLAV/Shutterstock. com; cover, pp. ( map) , Intrepix/Shutterstock. com; cover, p. ( inset) Fotos593/ Shutterstock. com; p. Ibrahim Burganov/Shutterstock. com; p. Istimages/ Shutterstock. com; p. Bardocz Peter/Shutterstock. com; p. Vitoriano Junior/Shutterstock. com; p. Aphelleon/Shutterstock. com; p. sebikus/ Shutterstock. com; p. edeantoine/Shutterstock. com; p. ( inset) Cristina Simon/ Shutterstock. com; p. ( main) frees/Shutterstock. com.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Printed in the United States of America

CPSIA compliance information: Batch #CS17GS: For further information contact Gareth Stevens, New York, New York at 1-800-542-2595.

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CONTENTS

What Is the Equator?

Water and Land

Climate

Why Is It So Hot?

Day and Night

Snow at the Equator?

Glossary

For More Information

Index

Boldface words appear in the glossary

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What Is the Equator?

The equator is an imaginary line on maps. It runs around Earth like a belt, cutting Earth into two halves. These halves are called the Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The equator is one of many parallel lines of latitude that circle Earth.

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equator

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Latitude is measured in degrees , which is shown by the sign . The equator is latitude. All other lines of latitude measure distance from the equator. The farthest points from the equator are the North and South Poles. They are found at latitude.

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south latitude

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Water and Land

The equator is the longest line of latitude almost 25,000 miles (40,200 km) long! It mostly passes through water, including the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Indian Ocean. The land it goes through includes parts of Africa and South America.

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EUROPE ASIA

NORTH AMERICA

ATLANTIC OCEAN

AFRICA

EQUATOR

SOUTH AMERICA

PACIFIC OCEAN

AUSTRALIA

INDIAN OCEAN

SOUTHERN OCEAN

ANTARCTICA

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Climate

The climate near the equator is tropical. That means its always hot. There are only two seasons: wet and dry! The closer a place is to the equator, the hotter its climate. Florida is closer than Minnesota, so its hotter in Florida!

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Minnesota

Florida

EQUATOR

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Why Is It So Hot?

Earths axis is tilted . As Earth moves around the sun throughout the year, parts of it tip toward the sun or away from it because of its tilted axis. When an area is tilted away from the sun, it gets colder there.

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When an area is tilted toward the sun, it gets warmer there. Because the equator runs right around the middle of Earth, its always tilted toward the sun. This means its always hot there!

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sun

suns rays

Earth

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Day and Night

Earth is spinning, or rotating, all the time. Each spin takes hours, or day, to finish. When an area on Earth faces the sun, its daytime there. When it turns away from the sun, its nighttime there.

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