Rae R. Newton - Your Statistical Consultant: Answers to Your Data Analysis Questions

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Preface

xvii

Introduction

xix

PART I: GETTING STARTED WITH STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Chapter 1: How Do I Prepare Data for Statistical Analysis?

Cases: How Do I Define a Unit of Analysis?

How Do I Use Variables and Values to Describe a Case?

What Are the Rules I Should Use for Naming Variables?

What Is Data Coding?

How Do I Code Open-Ended Response Choices?

How Do I Code Open-Ended Questions?

What are the Basic Rules of Data Organization?

How Do I Define and Code Missing Data?

How Do I Code Nonspecific Responses?

How Do I Deal With Blanks and Zeros?

A Detailed Example of Data organization and Coding

Questionnaire Codebook

Chapter 2: How Do I Examine Data Prior to Analysis?

When Should I Screen Data?

How Do I Display My Data Visually?

What Is a Box and Whisker Plot?

What Is a Normal Distribution?

How Do I Examine Two Variables at the Same Time?

What Is a Crosstabulation?

How Do I Use a Scatterplot to Examine Continuously Distributed Bivariate Data?

PART II: THE LOGIC OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Issues Regarding the Nature of Statistics and Statistical Tests

Chapter 3: Traditional Approaches to Statistical Analysis and the Logic of Statistical Inference

What Is the Difference Between Descriptive and Inferential Statistics?

What Is a Statistical Generalization?

How Do Errors Arise in Sampling?

What Are Sampling Distributions?

Some Examples: Sampling Distributions Based on Samples of Different Sizes

What Is a Confidence Interval?

What Is a Hypothesis Test?

Chapter 4: Rethinking Traditional Paradigms: Power, Effect Size, and Hypothesis Testing Alternatives

What Is the Difference Between Statistical and Substantive Significance?

What Is Statistical Power?

How Do I Interpret an Effect Size?