Phan - Tuttle compact Vietnamese dictionary: Vietnamese-English, English-Vietnamese

On the other hand, the Vietnamese language is now spoken by over 90 million people in Vietnam and is also the home language of about three million people living in other countries around the world. With the globalization of industries and hence the movement of people working across cross-cultural boundaries, the demand for a compact, inexpensive and upto-date Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese dictionary has grown dramatically in recent years. In the last fifty years, there have been so many changes in both the English and Vietnamese languages in all aspects of life. New terms have been invented to meet the development of society, especially in media and communications. This dictionary has contemporary, up-to-date and useful terms and expressions. Many practical examples are given to facilitate understanding of terms in context for users.

Approximately 25,000 entries can be found in this dictionary for every aspect of daily living, thus making this dictionary an essential tool for both English-speaking users as well as Vietnamese who are learning the English language. How To Use This Dictionary This dictionary is in two parts: a VietnameseEnglish section and an English Vietnamese section. The entries in each section are arranged alphabetically, following the English order from A to Z; and according to the Vietnamese tradition for tones and sequence for the Vietnamese-English section. The components of each headword are as follows: Headwords are printed in bold , followed by details of the word class (given in italics). If the headword has more than one word class, the different classes are numbered: m v. t lin, lc a; t, t ai ( trng trt); vng, x s, a phng, lnh th; rung t, in sn: ~ breeze gi t t lin thi ra bin; v. b; a n, y vo; c, bt c; ging (n); (my bay) h cnh; cp bn. b; a n, y vo; c, bt c; ging (n); (my bay) h cnh; cp bn.

Square brackets are used to give more information for each entry: such as cross-references to other headwords, the past tense and past participle of the English headword, etc: k n. individual, person, man [cf. ngi ] v. to draw [a line]: k mt ng thng to draw a straight line; thc k ruler; giy k ri lined paper bear n. con gu: the great ~ chm sao i hng; ~ hug m cht v. chu ng, sinh (sn), sinh li; to ~ in mind nh; to ~ interest sinh li Meanings of Vietnamese headwords are in low cases. chu ng, sinh (sn), sinh li; to ~ in mind nh; to ~ interest sinh li Meanings of Vietnamese headwords are in low cases.

If the headword has different expressions in Vietnamese, they are separated by a comma (,) and if they have different meanings, they are separated by a semi-colon (;): on v., n. to resent, to bear a grudge against; resentment, hatred: on gin/ on hn resentment, hatred; th on to resent; n on ingratitude and rancor Extended vocabulary items using the English headword are first given in English, followed by the Vietnamese translation. In order to avoid repetition of the headword in these extended vocabulary items the symbol ~ is used to represent the English headword: pace n. bc i; dng/cch i; tc , nhp : to keep ~ with theo/ snh kp; to set the ~ nu gng; to go at a walking ~ i tng bc; to go the ~ i nhanh; n chi phng ng; to put someone through his/her ~s th ti ai, th sc ai; cho ai thi th ti nng v. i tng bc, bc tng bc: to ~ up and down the corridors i i li li dc theo hnh lang For the VietnameseEnglish section , the extended vocabulary items are separated by semi-colons: ra v. out, outside, forth: khng ra g, chng ra g to amount to nothing; chng ra hn to be worth nothing; by ra to display, to show off; bo ra to get fat; ra to become red; ni ra to speak up; nhn ra, nhn ra to recognize; nh ra to remember, to call forth; tm ra, kim ra to find out; tr ra to be out; li ra Exit, do not enter.; ca ra vo door; ra v thong th admission is free.; hin ra to appear; sinh ra, ra to be born, to give birth to; ho ra to become; it turns out that; thnh ra to come out; chia ra to divide up, to divide into 5. out, outside, forth: khng ra g, chng ra g to amount to nothing; chng ra hn to be worth nothing; by ra to display, to show off; bo ra to get fat; ra to become red; ni ra to speak up; nhn ra, nhn ra to recognize; nh ra to remember, to call forth; tm ra, kim ra to find out; tr ra to be out; li ra Exit, do not enter.; ca ra vo door; ra v thong th admission is free.; hin ra to appear; sinh ra, ra to be born, to give birth to; ho ra to become; it turns out that; thnh ra to come out; chia ra to divide up, to divide into 5.

There are a variety of terms used to address the first and second persons in Vietnamese . As shown by the following example: b n. [SV t mu ] grandmother; female: b ngoi maternal grandmother; b ni paternal grandmother; n b woman, women; Hai B Trng the Trung sisters pron. lady/you [used by grandchild to grandmother, first person pronoun being chu ]; I [used by grandmother to grandchild, second person pronoun being chu ]; you [used to refer to women of a certain age, first person pronoun being ti ] ti is used for the first person and chu for the second person. The reader can replace these terms with ng , b , anh , ch , em , tau , my... 6. 6.

Vietnamese words that are loanwords have their Vietnamese pronunciation connected by hyphens (-), for example: a-xt n. acid ki-l n. [Fr. kilogram ] kilogram 7. Abbreviations used in this Dictionary are as follows: