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The Hiro Japanese Center - 600 Basic Japanese Verbs The Essential Reference Guide

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The Hiro Japanese Center 600 Basic Japanese Verbs The Essential Reference Guide

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600
Verbs are usually the key to understanding a sentence or part of a text, so its well worth emphasising them If you know these 600 verbs thats really going to help unlock a lot of Japanese for you.
The Hiro Japanese Center is accredited by the Japanese Ministry of Education, and for more than 25 years has been responsible for the Japanese education of thousands of foreign speakers. The Centers Japanese educational methods are unique and geared toward students unfamiliar with Chinese or Japanese characters. Beside offering Japanese education to them, the Center also trains Japanese teachers.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to thank the following people for their help with the publication of this revised book: first, our students, who in one way or another have both guided and prodded us to seek new and better approaches to teaching Japanese; and second, Thomas Manson and Tara Tudor, who were all kind enough to help out with the tedious job of proofreading. Special gratitude is due to Sandra Korinchak, senior editor of Tuttle Publishing for offering the opportunity to revise our original book published in 1989.
Hitoshi Watanabe, Naomi Watanabe Takae Watanabe
Hir Japanese Center: Phone: +81-3-3444-3481 Fax: +81-3-3444-3483
E-mail: hjc@cb.wakwak.com
URL: http://www.japaneselanguage.net
CONTENTS Published by Tuttle Publishing an imprint of Periplus Editions - photo 1
CONTENTS Published by Tuttle Publishing an imprint of Periplus Editions - photo 2
CONTENTS
Published by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.
www.tuttlepublishing.com 1989, 2013 by HJC International, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher.
ISBN: 978-1-4629-1336-7 (ebook)
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A GUIDE TO JAPANESE VERBS agaru to go up rise get nervous to finish - photo 3
A GUIDE TO JAPANESE VERBS agaru to go up, rise, get nervous, to finish, enter: (intrans.) GROUP 1
AffirmativeNegative
PLAIN FORMPRESENTagaruagaranai
PASTagattaagaranakatta
MASU FORMPRESENTagarimasuagarimasen
PASTagarimashitaagarimasen deshita
TE FORMagatteagaranakute
CONDITIONALPLAINagareba/agatta raagaranakereba agaranakatta ra
FORMALagarimashita raagarimasen deshita ra
VOLITIONALPLAINagar-
FORMALagarimash-
IMPERATIVEagareagaru na
AffirmativeAffirmative
POTENTIALagareruCAUS.

PASSIVE

agaraserareru/ agarasareru
PASSIVEagarareruHONORIFICoagari ni naru/ agarareru
CAUSATIVEagaraseruHUMBLE(oagari suru)
Examples: Kyry ga agarimashita. My salary went up. Kaze de netsu ga 39do made agatta. My temperature went up to 39 because of cold. Supiichi o suru toki, itsumo agarimasu. When I make a speech, I always get nervous.

Ame ga agatta ra, dekakemash ka. When it stops raining, lets go out. Enryo shinaide, dzo oagari kudasai. Dont hesitate. Come in please. ageru to raise, lift, give, (attached to a verb) finish; to raise; to fly: (all trans.) GROUP 2

AffirmativeNegative
PLAIN FORMPRESENTageruagenai
PASTagetaagenakatta
MASU FORMPRESENTagemasuagemasen
PASTagemashitaagemasen deshita
TE FORMageteagenakute
CONDITIONALPLAINagereba ageta raagenakereba agenakatta ra
FORMALagemashita raagemasen deshita ra
VOLITIONALPLAINagey-
FORMALagemash-
IMPERATIVEageroageru na
AffirmativeAffirmative
POTENTIALagerareru/agereruCAUS.

PASSIVE

agesaserareru
PASSIVEagerareruHONORIFICoage ni naru/ agerareru
CAUSATIVEagesaseruHUMBLEoage suru
Examples: Kaban o tana ni agemasu. Ill put my bag on the shelf. Tomodachi no tanjbi ni purezento o agemashita. I gave a present to my friend on his birthday. Shitsumon ga atta ra, te o agete kudasai. Please raise your hand if you have a question.

Nihon-go o oshiete agemash ka. Shall I teach you Japanese? Ronbun o kaki-ageta ra renraku shimasu. When I finish writing my thesis, Ill contact you. akeru to open; to empty, keep the day open: (both trans.); the day breaks: (intrans.) GROUP 2

AffirmativeNegative
PLAIN FORMPRESENTakeruakenai
PASTaketaakenakatta
MASU FORMPRESENTakemasuakemasen
PASTakemashitaakemasen deshita
TE FORMaketeakenakute
CONDITIONALPLAINakereba/ aketa raakenakereba/ akenakatta ra
FORMALakemashita raakemasen deshita ra
VOLITIONALPLAINakey-
FORMALakemash-
IMPERATIVEakeroakeru na
AffirmativeAffirmative
POTENTIALakerareru/akereruCAUS. PASSIVEakesaserareru
PASSIVEakerareruHONORIFICoake ni naru/ akerareru
CAUSATIVEakesaseruHUMBLEoake suru
Examples: Mado o akete mo ii desu ka. May I open the window? Doa ni kagi ga kakatteite, akeraremasen.

I cant open the door because it is locked. Ryok ni iku node, shibaraku ie o akemasu. Since we are going on a trip, well be away from home for a while. Kondo no Nichiybi o akete oite kudasai. Please keep this Sunday open. Akemashite omedet gozaimasu.

A Happy New Year. The intransitive akeru , meaning the day breaks, generally has no imperative, akirameru to give up: (trans.) GROUP 2

AffirmativeNegative
PLAIN FORMPRESENTakirameruakiramenai
PASTakirametaakiramenakatta
MASU FORMPRESENTakiramemasuakiramemasen
PASTakiramemashitaakiramemasen deshita
TE FORMakirameteakiramenakute
CONDITIONALPLAINakiramereba/ akirameta raakiramenakereba/ akiramenakatta ra
FORMALakiramemashita ra
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