Edward C. ODowd - Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War: The Last Maoist War

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Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War

This book examines the Sino-Vietnamese conflicts of the late 1970s and 1980s, attempting to understand them as strategic, operational, and tactical events.

The Sino-Vietnamese War was the Third Indochina War, and contemporary Southeast Asia cannot be properly understood unless we acknowledge that the Vietnamese fought three, not two wars to establish their current role in the region. The war was not about the Sino-Vietnamese border, as frequently claimed, but about Chinas support for its Cambodian ally, the Khmer Rouge, and this book addresses both US and ASEAN involvement in the effort to support the regime. Although the Chinese completed their troop withdrawal in March 1979, they retained their strategic goal of driving Vietnam out of Cambodia at least until 1988, but it was evident by 198485 that the Chinese Army, held back by the drag of its Maoist organization, doctrine, equipment, and personnel, was not an effective instrument of coercion.

Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War will be of great interest to students of Southeast Asian politics, Chinese security, and military and strategic studies in general.

Edward C. ODowd holds the Major General Matthew C. Horner Chair of Military Theory at the Marine Corps University, Quantico.

Asian security studies

Series Editors: Sumit Ganguly

Indiana University, Bloomington

and

Andrew Scobell

US Army War College

Few regions of the world are fraught with as many security questions as Asia. Within this region it is possible to study great power rivalries, irredentist conflicts, nuclear and ballistic missile proliferation, secessionist movements, ethnoreligious conflicts and inter-state wars. This new book series will publish the best possible scholarship on the security issues affecting the region, and will include detailed empirical studies, theoretically oriented case studies and policy-relevant analyses as well as more general works.

China and International Institutions

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Chinas Rising Sea Power

The PLA Navys submarine challenge

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If China Attacks Taiwan

Military strategy, politics and economics

Edited by Steve Tsang

Chinese CivilMilitary Relations

The transformation of the Peoples Liberation Army

Edited by Nan Li

The Chinese Army Today

Tradition and transformation for the 21st century

Dennis J. Blasko

Taiwans Security

History and prospects

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Disrupting violence

Edited by Linell E. Cady and Sheldon W. Simon

Political Islam and Violence in Indonesia

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More than words

Edited by Sumit Ganguly, Brian Shoup and Andrew Scobell

India, Pakistan and the Secret Jihad

The covert war in Kashmir, 19472004

Praveen Swami

Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War

The last Maoist war

Edward C. ODowd

Chinese Strategic Culture and Foreign Policy Decision-making

Confucianism, leadership and war

Huiyun Feng

Chinese Military Strategy in the Third Indochina War

The last Maoist war

Edward C. ODowd

LONDON AND NEW YORK

First published 2007
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2007.

To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledges collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.

2007 Edward C. ODowd

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN13: 978-1-134-12267-7 ePub ISBN

ISBN10: 0-415-41427-X (hbk)

ISBN10: 0-203-08896-4 (ebk)

ISBN13: 978-0-415-41427-2 (hbk)

ISBN13: 978-0-203-08896-8 (ebk)

In Memoriam
Denis Twitchett (19252006)
Scholar, Mentor, Friend

Contents

Maps

	The ChinaVietnam border
	The main attacks (1979)
	Symbols
	Ground order of battle comparison: 1979
	Military regions and the Cau River defensive line
	The Lang Son Front (1979)
	The Cao Bang Front (1979)
	The Lao Cai Front (1979)
	The Battle of Lang Son (1979)
	The northern approach to Lang Son: the Dong DangTham Mo area (1979)
	The northern approach to Lang Son: the Tham LungKhau Ma Son area (1979)
	The southern approach to Lang Son: the Chi MaLoc Binh area (1979)
	The southern approach to Lang Son: the Loc BinhLang Son area (1979)
	The Fakashan area (1981)
	The Laoshan area (198486)
	Artillery diplomacy: major attacks (198087)

Acknowledgments

I would like to thank all the scholars and friends who have helped me complete this study. I owe special thanks to Professor Susan Naquin for her guidance and insight. Without her endless patience, this project could never have been completed. I wish to thank Professors Ellis Joffe, Tom Christiansen, Sheldon Garon, and Paul Miles for their contributions to this project. I also thank Professors Arthur Waldron and Denis Twitchett for their encouragement and support.

Professor Liz Lunbeck and Dean David Redman deserve special thanks for giving me a second chance to complete the dissertation upon which this study is based. John F. Corbett, Jr has generously shared his materials and knowledge about this topic. His friendship and support have been crucial to this project. Professor Paula Baker has been unceasingly helpful, and I am grateful for her comments and encouragement.

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